“Star Wars” weapon system

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

The Military’s Pandora’s Box

by Dr. Nick Begich and Jeane Manning

This article was prepared to provide a summary of the contents of a book written in 1995 which describes an entirely new class of weapons. The weapons and their effects are described in the following pages. The United States Navy and Air Force have joined with the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, to build a prototype for a ground based “Star Wars” weapon system located in the remote bush country of Alaska.

The individuals who are demanding answers about HAARP are scattered around the planet. As well as bush dwellers in Alaska, they include: a physician in Finland; a scientist in Holland; an anti-nuclear protester in Australia; independent physicists in the United States; a grandmother in Canada, and countless others.

Unlike the protests of the 1960s the objections to HAARP have been registered using the tools of the 1990s. From the Internet, fax machines, syndicated talk radio and a number of alternative print mediums the word is getting out and people are waking up to this new intrusion by an over zealous United States government.

The research team put together to gather the materials which eventually found their way into the book never held a formal meeting, never formed a formal organization. Each person acted like a node on a planetary info-spirit-net with one goal held by all — to keep this controversial new science in the public eye. The result of the team’s effort was a book which describes the science and the political ramifications of this technology.

That book, Angels Don’t Play this HAARP: Advances in Tesla Technology, has 230 pages. This article will only give the highlights. Despite the amount of research (350 footnoted sources), at its heart it is a story about ordinary people who took on an extraordinary challenge in bringing their research forward.

HAARP Boils the Upper Atmosphere

HAARP will zap the upper atmosphere with a focused and steerable electromagnetic beam. It is an advanced model of an “ionospheric heater.” (The ionosphere is the electrically-charged sphere surrounding Earth’s upper atmosphere. It ranges between 40 to 60 miles above the surface of the Earth.)

Put simply, the apparatus for HAARP is a reversal of a radio telescope; antenna send out signals instead of receiving. HAARP is the test run for a super-powerful radiowave-beaming technology that lifts areas of the ionosphere by focusing a beam and heating those areas. Electromagnetic waves then bounce back onto earth and penetrate everything — living and dead.

HAARP publicity gives the impression that the High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program is mainly an academic project with the goal of changing the ionosphere to improve communications for our own good. However, other U.S. military documents put it more clearly — HAARP aims to learn how to “exploit the ionosphere for Department of Defense purposes.” Communicating with submarines is only one of those purposes.

Press releases and other information from the military on HAARP continually downplay what it could do. Publicity documents insist that the HAARP project is no different than other ionospheric heaters operating safely throughout the world in places such as Arecibo, Puerto Rico, Tromso, Norway, and the former Soviet Union. However, a 1990 government document indicates that the radio-frequency (RF) power zap will drive the ionosphere to unnatural activities.

” … at the highest HF powers available in the West, the instabilities commonly studied are approaching their maximum RF energy dissipative capability, beyond which the plasma processes will ‘runaway’ until the next limiting factor is reached.”

If the military, in cooperation with the University of Alaska Fairbanks, can show that this new ground-based “Star Wars” technology is sound, they both win. The military has a relatively-inexpensive defense shield and the University can brag about the most dramatic geophysical manipulation since atmospheric explosions of nuclear bombs. After successful testing, they would have the military megaprojects of the future and huge markets for Alaska’s North Slope natural gas.

Looking at the other patents which built on the work of a Texas’ physicist named Bernard Eastlund, it becomes clearer how the military intends to use the HAARP transmitter. It also makes governmental denials less believable. The military knows how it intends to use this technology, and has made it clear in their documents. The military has deliberately misled the public, through sophisticated word games, deceit and outright disinformation.

The military says the HAARP system could:

  • Give the military a tool to replace the electromagnetic pulse effect of atmospheric thermonuclear devices (still considered a viable option by the military through at least 1986)
  • Replace the huge Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) submarine communication system operating in Michigan and Wisconsin with a new and more compact technology
  • Be used to replace the over-the-horizon radar system that was once planned for the current location of HAARP, with a more flexible and accurate system
  • Provide a way to wipe out communications over an extremely large area, while keeping the military’s own communications systems working
  • Provide a wide area earth-penetrating tomography which, if combined with the computing abilities of EMASS and Cray computers, would make it possible to verify many parts of nuclear nonproliferation and peace agreements
  • Be a tool for geophysical probing to find oil, gas and mineral deposits over a large area
  • Be used to detect incoming low-level planes and cruise missiles, making other technologies obsolete
The above abilities seem like a good idea to all who believe in sound national defense, and to those concerned about cost-cutting. However, the possible uses which the HAARP records do not explain, and which can only be found in Air Force, Army, Navy and other federal agency records, are alarming. Moreover, effects from the reckless use of these power levels in our natural shield — the ionosphere — could be cataclysmic according to some scientists.

Two Alaskans put it bluntly. A founder of the NO HAARP movement, Clare Zickuhr, says “The military is going to give the ionosphere a big kick and see what happens.”
The military failed to tell the public that they do not know what exactly will happen, but a Penn State science article brags about that uncertainty. Macho science? The HAARP project uses the largest energy levels yet played with by what Begich and Manning call “the big boys with their new toys.” HAARP is an experiment in the sky, and experiments are done to find out something not already known. Independent scientists told Begich and Manning that a HAARP-type “skybuster” with its unforeseen effects could be an act of global vandalism.


HAARP History

The patents described below were the package of ideas which were originally controlled by ARCO Power Technologies Incorporated (APTI), a subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield Company, one of the biggest oil companies in the world. APTI was the contractor that built the HAARP facility. ARCO sold this subsidiary, the patents and the second phase construction contract to E-Systems in June 1994.

E-Systems is one of the biggest intelligence contractors in the world — doing work for the CIA, defense intelligence organizations and others. $1.8 billion of their annual sales are to these organizations, with $800 million for black projects — projects so secret that even the United States Congress isn’t told how the money is being spent.
E-Systems was bought out by Raytheon, which is one of the largest defense contractors in the world. In 1994 Raytheon was listed as number forty-two on the Fortune 500 list of companies. Raytheon has thousands of patents, some of which will be valuable in the HAARP project. The twelve patents below are the backbone of the HAARP project, and are now buried among the thousands of others held in the name of Raytheon. Bernard J. Eastlund’s U.S. Patent # 4,686,605, “Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the Earth’s Atmosphere, Ionosphere; and/or Magnetosphere,” was sealed for a year under a government Secrecy Order.

The Eastlund ionospheric heater was different; the radio frequency (RF) radiation was concentrated and focused to a point in the ionosphere. This difference throws an unprecedented amount of energy into the ionosphere. The Eastlund device would allow a concentration of one watt per cubic centimeter, compared to others only able to deliver about one millionth of one watt.

This huge difference could lift and change the ionosphere in the ways necessary to create futuristic effects described in the patent. According to the patent, the work of Nikola Tesla in the early 1900′s formed the basis of the research.

What would this technology be worth to ARCO, the owner of the patents? They could make enormous profits by beaming electrical power from a powerhouse in the gas fields to the consumer without wires.

For a time, HAARP researchers could not prove that this was one of the intended uses for HAARP. In April, 1995, however, Begich found other patents, connected with a “key personnel” list for APTI. Some of these new APTI patents were indeed a wireless system for sending electrical power. Eastlund’s patent said the technology can confuse or completely disrupt airplanes’ and missiles’ sophisticated guidance systems. Further, this ability to spray large areas of Earth with electromagnetic waves of varying frequencies, and to control changes in those waves, makes it possible to knock out communications on land or sea as well as in the air.

The patent said:

“Thus, this invention provides the ability to put unprecedented amounts of power in the Earth’s atmosphere at strategic locations and to maintain the power injection level particularly if random pulsing is employed, in a manner far more precise and better controlled than heretofore accomplished by the prior art, particularly by detonation of nuclear devices of various yields at various altitudes… “
“…it is possible not only to interfere with third party communications but to take advantage of one or more such beams to carry out a communications network even though the rest of the world’s communications are disrupted. Put another way, what is used to disrupt another’s communications can be employed by one knowledgeable of this invention as a communication network at the same time.”
“… large regions of the atmosphere could be lifted to an unexpectedly high altitude so that missiles encounter unexpected and unplanned drag forces with resultant destruction.”
“Weather modification is possible by, for example, altering upper atmosphere wind patterns by constructing one or more plumes of atmospheric particles which will act as a lens or focusing device.

… molecular modifications of the atmosphere can take place so that positive environmental effects can be achieved. Besides actually changing the molecular composition of an atmospheric region, a particular molecule or molecules can be chosen for increased presence. For example, ozone, nitrogen, etc., concentrations in the atmosphere could be artificially increased.”

Begich found eleven other APTI Patents. They told how to make “Nuclear-sized Explosions without Radiation,” Power-beaming systems, over-the-horizon radar, detection systems for missiles carrying nuclear warheads, electromagnetic pulses previously produced by thermonuclear weapons and other Star-Wars tricks. This cluster of patents underlay the HAARP weapon system.

Related research by Begich and Manning uncovered bizarre schemes. For example, Air Force documents revealed that a system had been developed for manipulating and disturbing human mental processes through pulsed radio-frequency radiation (the stuff of HAARP) over large geographical areas. The most telling material about this technology came from writings of Zbigniew Brzezinski (former National Security Advisory to U.S. President Carter) and J.F. MacDonald (science advisor to U.S. President Johnson and a professor of Geophysics at UCLA), as they wrote about use of power-beaming transmitters for geophysical and environmental warfare. The documents showed how these effects might be caused, and the negative effects on human heath and thinking.

The mental-disruption possibilities for HAARP are the most disturbing. More than 40 pages of the book, with dozens of footnotes, chronicle the work of Harvard professors, military planners and scientists as they plan and test this use of the electromagnetic technology. For example, one of the papers describing this use was from the International Red Cross in Geneva. It even gave the frequency ranges where these effects could occur — the same ranges which HAARP is capable of broadcasting.

The following statement was made more than twenty-five years ago in a book by Brzezinski which he wrote while a professor at Columbia University:

“Political strategists are tempted to exploit research on the brain and human behavior. Geophysicist Gordon J.F. MacDonald, a specialist in problems of warfare, says accurately-timed, artificially-excited electronic strokes could lead to a pattern of oscillations that produce relatively high power levels over certain regions of the earth … in this way one could develop a system that would seriously impair the brain performance of very large populations in selected regions over an extended period”

” … no matter how deeply disturbing the thought of using the environment to manipulate behavior for national advantages, to some, the technology permitting such use will very probably develop within the next few decades.”

In 1966, MacDonald was a member of the President’s Science Advisory Committee and later a member of the President’s Council on Environmental Quality. He published papers on the use of environmental control technologies for military purposes. The most profound comment he made as a geophysicist was, “the key to geophysical warfare is the identification of environmental instabilities to which the addition of a small amount of energy would release vastly greater amounts of energy.” While yesterday’s geophysicists predicted today’s advances, are HAARP program managers delivering on the vision?

The geophysicists recognized that adding energy to the environmental soup could have large effects. However, humankind has already added substantial amounts of electromagnetic energy into our environment without understanding what might constitute critical mass. The book by Begich and Manning raises questions:

  • Have these additions been without effect, or is there a cumulative amount beyond which irreparable damage can be done?
  • Is HAARP another step in a journey from which we cannot turn back?
  • Are we about to embark on another energy experiment which unleashes another set of demons from Pandora’s box?

As early as 1970, Zbigniew Brzezinski predicted a “more controlled and directed society” would gradually appear, linked to technology. This society would be dominated by an elite group which impresses voters by allegedly superior scientific know-how.Angels Don’t Play This HAARP further quotes Brzezinski:

“Unhindered by the restraints of traditional liberal values, this elite would not hesitate to achieve its political ends by using the latest modern techniques for influencing public behavior and keeping society under close surveillance and control. Technical and scientific momentum would then feed on the situation it exploits,” Brzezinski predicted.

His forecasts proved accurate. Today, a number of new tools for the “elite” are emerging, and the temptation to use them increases steadily. The policies to permit the tools to be used are already in place. How could the United States be changed, bit by bit, into the predicted highly-controlled technosociety? Among the “steppingstones” Brzezinski expected were persisting social crises and use of the mass media to gain the public’s confidence.

In another document prepared by the government, the U.S. Air Force claims: “The potential applications of artificial electromagnetic fields are wide-ranging and can be used in many military or quasi-military situations… Some of these potential uses include dealing with terrorist groups, crowd control, controlling breaches of security at military installations, and antipersonnel techniques in tactical warfare. In all of these cases the EM (electromagnetic) systems would be used to produce mild to severe physiological disruption or perceptual distortion or disorientation. In addition, the ability of individuals to function could be degraded to such a point that they would be combat ineffective. Another advantage of electromagnetic systems is that they can provide coverage over large areas with a single system. They are silent and countermeasures to them may be difficult to develop… One last area where electromagnetic radiation may prove of some value is in enhancing abilities of individuals for anomalous phenomena.”

Do these comments point to uses already somewhat developed? The author of the government report refers to an earlier Air Force document about the uses of radio frequency radiation in combat situations. (Here Begich and Manning note that HAARP is the most versatile and the largest radio-frequency-radiation transmitter in the world.)

The United States Congressional record deals with the use of HAARP for penetrating the earth with signals bounced off of the ionosphere. These signals are used to look inside the planet to a depth of many kilometers in order to locate underground munitions, minerals and tunnels. The U.S. Senate set aside $15 million dollars in 1996 to develop this ability alone — earth-penetrating-tomography. The problem is that the frequency needed for earth-penetrating radiation is within the frequency range most cited for disruption of human mental functions. It may also have profound effects on migration patterns of fish and wild animals which rely on an undisturbed energy field to find their routes.

As if electromagnetic pulses in the sky and mental disruption were not enough, T. Eastlund bragged that the super-powerful ionospheric heater could control weather.

Begich and Manning brought to light government documents indicating that the military has weather-control technology. When HAARP is eventually built to its full power level, it could create weather effects over entire hemispheres. If one government experiments with the world’s weather patterns, what is done in one place will impact everyone else on the planet. Angels Don’t Play This HAARP explains a principle behind some of Nikola Tesla’s inventions — resonance — which affect planetary systems.


Bubble of Electric Particles

Angels Don’t Play This HAARP includes interviews with independent scientists such as Elizabeth Rauscher. She has a Ph.D., a long and impressive career in high-energy physics, and has been published in prestigious science journals and books. Rauscher commented on HAARP. “You’re pumping tremendous energy into an extremely delicate molecular configuration that comprises these multi-layers we call the ionosphere.”
&QUOTThe ionosphere is prone to catalytic reactions,” she explained, “if a small part is changed, a major change in the ionosphere can happen.”

In describing the ionosphere as a delicately balanced system, Dr. Rauscher shared her mental picture of it — a soap-bubble-like sphere surrounding Earth’s atmosphere, with movements swirling over the surface of the bubble. If a big enough hole is punched through it, she predicts, it could pop.


Slicing the Ionosphere

Physicist Daniel Winter, Ph.D., of Waynesville, North Carolina, says, “HAARP high-frequency emissions can couple with longwave (extremely-low-frequency, or ELF) pulses the Earth grid uses to distribute information as vibrations to synchronize dances of life in the biosphere.” Dan terms this geomagnetic action ‘Earth’s information bloodstream,’ and says it is likely that coupling of HAARP HF (high-frequency) with natural ELF can cause unplanned, unsuspected side effects.

David Yarrow of Albany, New York, is a researcher with a background in electronics. He described possible interactions of HAARP radiation with the ionosphere and Earth’s magnetic grid: “HAARP will not burn holes in the ionosphere. That is a dangerous understatement of what HAARP’s giant gigawatt beam will do. Earth is spinning relative to thin electric shells of the multilayer membrane of ion-o-speres that absorb and shield Earth’s surface from intense solar radiation, including charged particle storms in solar winds erupting from the sun. Earth’s axial spin means that HAARP — in a burst lasting more than a few minutes — will slice through the ionosphere like a microwave knife. This produces not a hole but a long tear — an incision.”


Crudely Plucking the Strings

Second concept: As Earth rotates, HAARP will slice across the geomagnetic flux, a donut-shaped spool of magnetic strings — like longitude meridians on maps.
HAARP may not ‘cut’ these strings in Gaia’s magnetic mantle, but will pulse each thread with harsh, out-of-harmony high frequencies. These noisy impulses will vibrate geomagnetic flux lines, sending vibrations all through the geomagnetic web. “

“The image comes to mind of a spider on its web. An insect lands, and the web’s vibrations alert the spider to possible prey. HAARP will be a man-made microwave finger poking at the web, sending out confusing signals, if not tearing holes in the threads. ”
“Effects of this interference with symphonies of Gaia’s geomagnetic harp are unknown, and I suspect barely thought of. Even if thought of, the intent (of HAARP) is to learn to exploit any effects, not to play in tune to global symphonies. “

Among other researchers quoted is Paul Schaefer of Kansas City. His degree is in electrical engineering and he spent four years building nuclear weapons. “But most of the theories that we have been taught by scientists to believe in seem to be falling apart,” he says. He talks about imbalances already caused by the industrial and atomic age, especially by radiation of large numbers of tiny, high-velocity particles “like very small spinning tops” into our environment. The unnatural level of motion of highly-energetic particles in the atmosphere and in radiation belts surrounding Earth is the villain in the weather disruptions, according to this model, which describes an Earth discharging its buildup of heat, relieving stress and regaining a balanced condition through earthquakes and volcanic action.


Feverish Earth

“One might compare the abnormal energetic state of the Earth and its atmosphere to a car battery which has become overcharged with the normal flow of energy jammed up, resulting in hot spots, electrical arcing, physical cracks and general turbulence as the pent-up energy tries to find some place to go.”

In a second analogy, Schaefer says “Unless we desire the death of our planet, we must end the production of unstable particles which are generating the earth’s fever. A first priority to prevent this disaster would be to shut down all nuclear power plants and end the testing of atomic weapons, electronic warfare and ‘Star Wars’.” Meanwhile, the military builds its biggest ionospheric heater yet, to deliberately create more instabilities in a huge plasma layer — the ionosphere — and to rev up the energy level of charged particles.


Electronic Rain From The Sky

They have published papers about electron precipitation from the magnetosphere (the outer belts of charged particles which stream toward Earth’s magnetic poles) caused by man-made very low frequency electromagnetic waves. “These precipitated particles can produce secondary ionization, emit X-rays, and cause significant perturbation in the lower ionosphere.”

Two Stanford University radio scientists offer evidence of what technology can do to affect the sky by making waves on earth; they showed that very low frequency radio waves can vibrate the magnetosphere and cause high-energy particles to cascade into Earth’s atmosphere. By turning the signal on or off, they could stop the flow of energetic particles.


Weather Control

Avalanches of energy dislodged by such radio waves could hit us hard. Their work suggests that technicians could control global weather by sending relatively small ‘signals’ into the Van Allen belts (radiation belts around Earth). Thus Tesla’s resonance effects can control enormous energies by tiny triggering signals.
The Begich/ Manning book asks whether that knowledge will be used by war-oriented or biosphere-oriented scientists.

The military has had about twenty years to work on weather warfare methods, which it euphemistically calls weather modification. For example, rainmaking technology was taken for a few test rides in Vietnam. The U.S. Department of Defense sampled lightning and hurricane manipulation studies in Project Skyfire and Project Stormfury. And they looked at some complicated technologies that would give big effects. Angels Don’t Play This HAARP cites an expert who says the military studied both lasers and chemicals which they figured could damage the ozone layer over an enemy. Looking at ways to cause earthquakes, as well as to detect them, was part of the project named Prime Argus, decades ago. The money for that came from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA, now under the acronym ARPA.) In 1994 the Air Force revealed its Spacecast 2020 master plan which includes weather control. Scientists have experimented with weather control since the 1940′s, but Spacecast 2020 noted that “using environmental modification techniques to destroy, damage or injure another state are prohibited.” Having said that, the Air Force claimed that advances in technology “compels a reexamination of this sensitive and potentially risky topic.”

40 Years of Zapping the Sky?

As far back as 1958, the chief White House advisor on weather modification, Captain Howard T. Orville, said the U.S. defense department was studying “ways to manipulate the charges of the earth and sky and so affect the weather” by using an electronic beam to ionize or de-ionize the atmosphere over a given area.

In 1966, Professor Gordon J. F. MacDonald was associate director of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles, was a member of the President’s Science Advisory Committee, and later a member of the President’s Council on Environmental Quality.

He published papers on the use of environmental-control technologies for military purposes. MacDonald made a revealing comment: “The key to geophysical warfare is the identification of environmental instabilities to which the addition of a small amount of energy would release vastly greater amounts of energy. ” World-recognized scientist MacDonald had a number of ideas for using the environment as a weapon system and he contributed to what was, at the time, the dream of a futurist. When he wrote his chapter, “How To Wreck The Environment,” for the book Unless Peace Comes, he was not kidding around. In it he describes the use of weather manipulation, climate modification, polar ice cap melting or destabilization, ozone depletion techniques, earthquake engineering, ocean wave control and brain wave manipulation using the planet’s energy fields.

He also said that these types of weapons would be developed and, when used, would be virtually undetectable by their victims. Is HAARP that weapon? The military’s intention to do environmental engineering is well documented, U.S. Congress’ subcommittee hearings on Oceans and International Environment looked into military weather and climate modification conducted in the early 1970′s. “What emerged was an awesome picture of far-ranging research and experimentation by the Department of Defense into ways environmental tampering could be used as a weapon,” said another author cited in Angles Don’t Play This HAARP.

The revealed secrets surprised legislators. Would an inquiry into the state of the art of electromagnetic manipulation surprise lawmakers today? They may find out that technologies developed out of the HAARP experiments in Alaska could deliver on Gordon MacDonald’s vision because leading-edge scientists are describing global weather as not only air pressure and thermal systems, but also as an electrical system.

Small Input – Big Effect

HAARP zaps the ionosphere where it is relatively unstable. A point to remember is that the ionosphere is an active electrical shield protecting the planet from the constant bombardment of high-energy particles from space. This conducting plasma, along with Earth’s magnetic field, traps the electrical plasma of space and holds it back from going directly to the earth’s surface, says Charles Yost of Dynamic Systems, Leicester, North Carolina. “If the ionosphere is greatly disturbed, the atmosphere below is subsequently disturbed.”

Another scientist interviewed said there is a super-powerful electrical connection between the ionosphere and the part of the atmosphere where our weather comes onstage, the lower atmosphere.

One man-made electrical effect — power line harmonic resonance — causes fallout of charged particles from the Van Allen (radiation) belts, and the falling ions cause ice crystals (which precipitate rain clouds). What about HAARP? Energy blasted upward from an ionospheric heater is not much compared to the total in the ionosphere, but HAARP documents admit that thousandfold-greater amounts of energy can be released in the ionosphere than injected. As with MacDonald’s “key to geophysical warfare,” “nonlinear” effects (described in the literature about the ionospheric heater) mean small input and large output. Astrophysicist Adam Trombly told Manning that an acupuncture model is one way to look at the possible effect of multi-gigawatt pulsing of the ionosphere. If HAARP hits certain points, those parts of the ionosphere could react in surprising ways.

Smaller ionospheric heaters such as the one at Arecibo are underneath relatively placid regions of the ionosphere, compared to the dynamic movements nearer Earth’s magnetic poles. That adds another uncertainty to HAARP — the unpredictable and lively upper atmosphere near the North Pole.

HAARP experimenters do not impress commonsense Alaskans such as Barbara Zickuhr, who says “They’re like boys playing with a sharp stick, finding a sleeping bear and poking it in the butt to see what’s going to happen.”


Could They Short-Circuit Earth?

Earth as a spherical electrical system is a fairly well-accepted model. However, those experimenters who want to make unnatural power connections between parts of this system might not be thinking of possible consequences. Electrical motors and generators can be caused to wobble when their circuits are affected. Could human activities cause a significant change in a planet’s electrical circuit or electrical field? A paper in the respected journal Science deals with manmade ionization from radioactive material, but perhaps it could also be studied with HAARP-type skybusters in mind:

“For example, while changes in the earth’s electric field resulting from a solar flare modulating conductivity may have only a barely detectable effect on meteorology, the situation may be different in regard to electric field changes caused by manmade ionization… ” Meteorology, of course, is the study of the atmosphere and weather. ionization is what happens when a higher level of power is zapped into atoms and knocks electrons off the atoms. The resulting charged particles are the stuff of HAARP. “One look at the weather should tell us that we are on the wrong path,” says Paul Schaefer, commenting on HAARP-type technologies.

Angels Don’t Play This HAARP: Advances in Tesla Technology is about the military’s plan to manipulate that which belongs to the world — the ionosphere. The arrogance of the United States government in this is not without precedent.

Atmospheric nuclear tests had similar goals. More recently, China and France put their people’s money to destructive use in underground nuclear tests. It was recently reported that the US government spent $3 trillion dollars on its nuclear program since its beginnings in the 1940′s. What new breakthroughs in life science could have been made with all the money spent on death?

Begich, Manning, Roderick and others believe that democracies need to be founded on openness, rather than the secrecy which surrounds so much military science. Knowledge used in developing revolutionary weapons could be used for healing and helping mankind. Because they are used in new weapons, discoveries are classified and suppressed. When they do appear in the work of other independent scientists, the new ideas are often frustrated or ridiculed, while military research laboratories continue to build their new machines for the killing fields.

However, the book by Manning and Begich gives hope that the military industrial academic bureaucratic Goliath can be affected by the combined power of determined individuals and the alternative press. Becoming informed is the first step to empowerment.

K E N N E W I C K M A N

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

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K E N N E W I C K   M A N
By James C. Chatters

Encounter with an Ancestor

The discovery of a human ancestor variously referred to as Kennewick or Richland Man has shed light on the complexity of human immigration to the western hemisphere and ignited a controversy that may affect the future of paleoanthropology in the United States.

Discovery

On July 28, 1996 two young men encountered a human skull in the Columbia River at Kennewick, Washington.  That evening I was contacted by Coroner Floyd Johnson, for whom I  conduct skeletal forensics.  I joined him at the site and helped police recover much of the skeleton.  During the next month, under an ARPA permit issued by the Walla Walla District Corps of Engineers, I recovered more wave-scattered bones from the reservoir mud. Throughout the process, I maintained contact with the Corps, which interacted with two local Indian Tribes.

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The completeness and unusually good condition of the skeleton, presence of caucasoid traits, lack of definitive Native-American characteristics, and the association with an early homestead led me to suspect that the bones represented a European settler.  I first began to question this when I detected a gray object partially healed within the right ilium.  CT scans revealed the 20 by 54 mm base of a leaf-shaped, serrated Cascade projectile point typical of  Southern Plateau assemblages  from 8500 B.P. to  4500 B.P.  However, similar styles were in use elsewhere in western North America and Australia into the nineteenth century.  Nevertheless, the  point raised the possibility of great antiquity, while the skeleton’s traits argued for the early nineteenth century.  We either had an ancient individual with physical characteristics unlike later native peoples’ or  a  trapper/explorer who’d had difficulties with “stone-age” peoples during his travels.  To resolve this issue, the Coroner ordered radiocarbon and DNA analyses.

Forensic Observations

I conducted a standard forensic examination and measurements with assistance from Central Washington University student Scott Turner, and photographed the skull, teeth, and pathologies.  Physical anthropologists Catherine J. MacMillan of Central Washington University and Grover S. Krantz of Washington State University examined the skeleton briefly.  Kenneth Reid, Rainshadow Research, helped identify the projectile point.  Kenneth Lagergren, DDS interpreted dental X-rays, and Kennewick General Hospital CT scanned the right innominate and cross-sections of longbones.  AMS dating was conducted by Donna Kirner of the University of California at Riverside, who also measured amino acid composition and stable C and N ratios.  Frederika Kaestle of the University of California, Davis attempted DNA extraction.

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Illustration © 1996, Jamie Claire Chatters
The skeleton is nearly  complete, missing only the sternum and a few small bones of hands and feet.  All teeth were present at the time of death.  This was a male of late middle age (40-55 years), and tall (170 to 176 cm ),  slender build.  He had suffered numerous injuries, the most severe of which were compound fractures of at least 6 ribs and apparent damage to his left shoulder musculature, atrophy of the left humerus due to the muscle damage, and the healing projectile wound in his right pelvis.  The lack of head flattening from cradle board use, minimal arthritis in weight-bearing bones, and the unusually light wear on his teeth distinguish the behavior and diet of Kennewick Man from that of more recent peoples in the region.  A  fragment of the fifth left metacarpal analyzed by AMS has an isotopically-corrected age of 8410 +/- 60 B.P. (UCR 3476) (ca 7300 to 7600 B.C.).  Amino acids and stable isotopes indicate heavy dependence on anadromous fish.  DNA was intact, but two partially-completed extractions were inconclusive.

The man lacks definitive characteristics of the classic mongoloid stock to which modern Native Americans belong.  The skull is dolichocranic (cranial index 73.8) rather than brachycranic, the face narrow and prognathous rather than broad and flat.  Cheek bones recede slightly and lack an inferior zygomatic projection; the lower rim of the orbit is even with the upper.  Other features are a long, broad nose that projects markedly from the face and high, round orbits.  The mandible is v-shaped,with a pronounced, deep chin.   Many of these characteristics are definitive of modern-day caucasoid peoples, while others, such as the orbits are typical of neither race.  Dental characteristics fit Turner’s (1983) Sundadont  pattern, indicating possible relationship to south Asian peoples.

Current Status

On August 30, four days after the startling radiocarbon result, the Corps insisted all studies be terminated and soon took possession of the skeleton. After publishing their intent to repatriate the remains to an alliance of five tribes and bands–Umatilla, Yakama, Nez Perce, Wanapum and Colville–the Corps received numerous requests for scientific study from citizens, congressmen and anthropologists.  The Colville then filed a separate claim of their own.  A group of internationally-known archaeologists and physical anthropologists filed suit, asserting that NAGPRA does not apply to this case and seeking the opportunity for study.  The Asutru Folk Assembly, a traditional European religion, also sued for the right to determine if this individual was their ancestor.  The Umatilla, who have taken the lead on the issue, intend immediate reburial in a secret location.  The remains now lie in a federal repository awaiting resolution.

The Unknown and Unknowable

The Kennewick discovery, along with other recent finds in Nevada, may significantly alter conventional views of how, when, and by whom the Americas were peopled.  If the Corps persists in its refusal to allow additional studies and decides on immediate  repatriation, experts will lose the chance to directly examine this rare phenomenon.  Although I have studied him extensively and learned much about his life, our descendants–of whatever ethnicity– will lose the broader view that only multiple perspectives  can provide.  Data that might be used for such studies in lieu of actual bones remain incomplete as of this writing.  When the remains were seized, I had yet to take measured photographs of the postcranial skeleton, and I was still waiting for specialized equipment for state-of-the-art skull measurement.  Furthermore, DNA was well preserved and, if restrictive enzyme analysis and detailed sequencing were completed, we might ultimately learn this man’s relationship to other peoples of his time and ours.  In broader view, reburial without study may set a precedent that forecloses the opportunity for study of most future paleoAmerican finds.

Much, however, is beyond our reach regardless of political outcomes.  No matter how long we might study the Kennewick man we would never know the form or color of his eyes, skin and hair, whether his hair was curly or straight, his lips thin or full — in short many of the characteristics by which we judge living peoples’ racial affiliation.   We will never be certain if his wound was by accident or intent, what language he spoke, or his religious beliefs.  We cannot know if he is truly anyone’s ancestor.  Given the millennia since he lived, he may be sire to none or all of us.

Reference
Turner, Cristy G. II  (1987)  Late Pleistocene and Holocene population history of east Asia based on dental variation. American Journal of Physical Anthropology  73: 305-321.

Bio
James C. Chatters (Phd University of Washington (1982) is currently the owner of Applied Paleoscience, which emphasizes developing applications of archaeological and paleoecological data to modern resource management.  Recent archaeological publications include “Population growth, climatic cooling, and the development of collector strategies on the Southern Plateau, Western North America (Journal of World Prehistory  9:341-399, 1995) and “A paleoscience approach to estimating effects of climatic warming on salmonid fisheries of the Columbia River basin (Canadian Special Publication in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences  No. 121:468-473).  Current writing projects address millennium-scale fire histories in Northwest forests, dynamics of salmon productivity during the Holocene, resource intensification among hunter-gatherers, growth increment analysis in freshwater mussels, and interpersonal violence in Plateau  Prehistory.

This article originally appeared in the “Newsletter of the American Anthropological Association.”

Picture
HomeNorthern TracesIntroduction | Kennewick ManDennis Stanford
Copyright © 2004. Smithsonian Institution.

BIBLICAL CHRONOLOGY

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

BIBLICAL CHRONOLOGY

by Ron and Mary Nell Wyatt

Time begins- creation of Adam (Chronology given in Genesis 5) 4004 BC
Adam 130 yrs at birth of Seth 3874 BC
Seth 105 yrs at birth of Enosh 3769 BC
Enosh 90 yrs at birth of Kenan (Cainan) 3679 BC
Cainan 70 yrs at birth of Mahalalel 3609 BC
Mahalalel 65 yrs at birth of Jared 3544 BC
Jared 162 yrs at birth of Enoch 3382 BC
Enoch 65 yrs at birth of Methuselah 3317 BC
Methuselah 187 yrs at birth of Lamech 3130 BC
Adam dies at 930 yrs 3074 BC
Enoch taken to heaven at 365 yrs 3017 BC
Seth dies at 912 yrs 2962 BC
Lamech 182 yrs at birth of Noah 2948 BC
Enos dies at 905 yrs 2864 BC
Cainan dies at 910 yrs 2769 BC
Mahalalel dies at 895 yrs 2714 BC
Jared dies at 962 yrs 2582 BC
Lamech dies at 777 yrs 2353 BC
Methuselah dies at 969 yrs 2347 BC
Noah 600 yrs at time of the Flood (Genesis 7:11) 2348 BC
Arpachshad born 2 yrs after Flood (Genesis 11:10) 2346 BC
Arpachshad 35 yrs at birth of Shelah (Chronology given in Genesis 11:10-32) 2311 BC
Shelah 30 yrs at birth of Eber 2281 BC
Eber 34 yrs at birth of Peleg (Division of the earth) 2247 BC
Peleg 30 yrs at birth of Reu 2217 BC
Reu 32 yrs at birth of Serug 2185 BC
Serug 30 yrs at birth of Nahor 2155 BC
Nahor 29 yrs at birth of Terah, Abraham’s father 2126 BC
Peleg dies at 239 yrs 2008 BC
Nahor dies at 148 yrs 2007 BC
Noah dies at 950 yrs 1998 BC
Terah 130 yrs at birth of Abraham 1996 BC
Reu dies at 239 yrs 1978 BC
Serug dies at 230 yrs 1955 BC
Abraham 75 yrs when he leaves Haran (Genesis 12:4) 1921 BC
Abraham 86 yrs when Ishmael born (Genesis 16:16) 1910 BC
Arphaxad dies at 438 yrs 1908 BC
Destruction of Sodom & Gomorrah when Abraham is 99 yrs old (Genesis 17:21-25) 1897 BC
Abraham 100 yrs at birth of Isaac (Genesis 21:5) 1896 BC
Shelah dies at 433 yrs 1878 BC
Abraham called by God to offer Isaacthis event marks the beginning of the prophecy of the 430 years. For explanation-The next verses tell us that the “law” meaning the law of sacrifices and the Mosaic Law, was given 430years after the covenant with Abraham:

GAL 3:17 And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect. 18 For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: butGod gave it to Abraham by promise.

This promise, or covenant, had been given to Abraham earlier, but it was only when he was faithful in his willingness to offer Isaac to God that it was confirmed. Here, the Lord tells that it was at this timethat the promise or covenant was ratified:

GEN 22:16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son: 17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies; 18 And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because thou hast obeyed my voice.

And at this time, when the covenant was ratified, the prophecy of 400 years, given in Gen 15:13, begins:

GEN 15:13 And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them four hundred years;.

This 400 years is included in the 430 years of the next passage:

EXO 12:40 Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years. 41 And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.

However, be sure and note that the Scriptures do not say that they will be held in bondage in Egypt for 430 years- it says that their “sojourning” was for 430 years. From the time the covenant was ratified by Abraham’s obedience in being willing to offer his only son, until the Exodus was exactly 430 years. The earlier passage said that for 400 years they would:

1- be strangers in a land not theirs,

2- that they would be subject to, or serve, the nations in which they dwelled, and finally,

3- they would be afflicted.

They were in fact only in Egypt from 1706 BC until 1446 BC, or 260 yrs.

1876 BC
Isaac 40 yrs when he marries Rebekah (Genesis 25:20) 1856 BC
Isaac 60 yrs when Jacob and Esau born (Genesis 25:26) 1836 BC
Abraham dies at 175 yrs 1821 BC
Eber dies at 464 yrs 1817 BC
Jacob 91 yrs when Joseph born (Genesis 41:46,47; 45:6,9,10; 47:9) 1745 BC
Joseph sold by his brothers at age 17 yrs (Gen. 37:2) 1728 BC
Isaac dies at 180 yrs 1716 BC
Joseph promoted to 2nd in authority to pharaoh at age 30 yrs (Genesis 41:46) 1715 BC
Jacob 130 yrs when comes to Egypt to live (Genesis 47:9) 1706 BC
Joseph dies at 110 yrs 1635 BC
Moses born 1526 BC
Moses flees from Egypt at age 40 yrs 1486 BC
THE EXODUS 1446 BC
Moses dies at 120 yrs (Deu. 34:7)Joshua succeeds Moses at age 81 (Joshua 14:10) Entry into Promised Land 1406 BC
Joshua dies at 110 yrs (Joshua 24:29) 1377 BC
Period of the Judges
Saul becomes Israel’s first king (Acts 13:21) and reigns for 40 yrs 1050 BC
David becomes Israel’s 2nd king and reigns 40 yrs (samuel 5:4,5) 1010 BC
Solomon becomes Israel’s 3rd king & reigns 40 years (1Kings 11:42) 970 BC
Construction begins on the temple in Solomon’s 4th year (1Kings 6:37) 966 BC
Solomon’s reign ends & Israel is divided into Israel & Judah 931 BC
KINGS OF ISRAEL KINGS OF JUDAH
Jeroboam rules 22 yrs 930-909 BC Rehoboam rules 17 yrs 930-913 BC
Abijah rules 3 yrs 913-910 BC
Asa rules 41 yrs 910-869 BC
Nadab rules 1 yr 909-908 BC
Baasha rules 24 yrs 908-885 BC
Elah rules 2 yrs 885-884 BC
Zimri rules 7 days 884 BC
Omri rules 12 yrs 884-873 BC
Ahab rules 22 yrs 873-852 BC Jehoshaphat rules 25 yrs (4 with ASA) 873-848 BC
Ahaziah rules 2 yrs 852-851 BC
Joram rules 12 yrs (co-rules with 2 above) 857-845 BC Jehoram rules 8 yrs 5 with Jehoshaphat) 853-846 BC
Ahaziah rules 1 yr 845 BC
Jehu rules 28 yrs 844-818 BC Athalia rules 7 yrs 844-838 BC
Jehoahaz rules 17 yrs 818-802 BC Joash rules 40 yrs 838-799 BC
Jehoash rules 16 yrs 802-786 BC Amaziah rules 29 yrs (2 with Joash) 800-772 BC
Jeroboam II rules 41 yrs (13 with Jehoash) 798-758 BC Uzziah rules 52 yrs (25 with Amaziah) 796-745 BC
Zechariah rules 6 months 758 BC
Menahem rules 10 yrs 758-748 BC
Pekahiah rules 2 yrs 747-746 BC
Peka rules 20 yrs (2 with Pekahiah) 747-728 BC Jotham rules 16 yrs (2 with Uzziah) 747-731 BC
Ahaz rules 16 yrs (8 with Jotham) 739-723 BC
Hosea rules 9 yrs/ ISRAEL (Northern Kingdom) CONQUERED by Assyria & CEASES TO EXIST 727-719 BC Hezekiah rules 29 yrs (3 with Ahaz) 725-697 BC
Mannasseh rules 55 yrs 696-642 BC
Amon rules 2 yrs 641-640 BC
Josiah rules 31 yrs 639-609 BC
Jehoahaz rules 3 mos 608 BC
Jehoiakim rules 11 yrs 608-598 BC
BEGINNING OF CAPTIVITY OF JUDAH (Southern Kingdom)- DANIEL TAKEN TO BABYLON 605 BC
Jehoiachin rules 3 mos 597 BC
Zedekiah rules 11 yrs. 597-586 BC
ISRAEL INTO BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY 586 BC
Nebuchadnezzar destroys the temple 586 BC
Persian general, Cyrus, takes Babylon. Darius now Persian ruler of Babylon 537 BC
Darius dies. Cyrus king- frees Judah at end of 70 year captivity (began 605 BC) with his decree 535 BC
Usurper king Artaxerxes (Smerdis) stops newly begun work on temple in Jerusalem 521 BC
Darius King 521 BC
Darius yr 2- he issues decree for work to resume on temple 520 BC
Darius yr 6- the temple is finished 516 BC
Artaxerxes king 463 BC
Artaxerxes yr 7- he issues decree which gives Jerusalem & the Jews the ability to have almost completely autonomous rule. Provided for reestablishment of the Jewish economy as dictated by God. 457 BC
Artaxerxes yr 20- Nehemiah appointed governor of Judea/ goes to rebuild wall which was in poor condition. 444 BC
Artaxerxes yr 32- Nehemiah begins 2nd term as governor of Judea 432 BC
Darius Nothus king. Biblical record of the priesthood ends with this king’s reign. Last Biblical prophets end at this time. Biblical “silence” until Gospels. 408 BC
BIRTH OF CHRIST 4 BC
Christ begins His ministry on earth which is devoted to the Jewish people alone. Fall, 27 AD
The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ, the Messiah Spring, 31 AD
The Gospel is taken from the Jews to the Gentiles Fall, 34 AD
Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus 70 AD
End of 6,000 years since the creation of Adam 1997/8 AD

32 A.D. WAS THE CRUCIFIXION YEAR

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

KILLED IN 32 AD

32 A.D. WAS THE CRUCIFIXION YEAR

By Gavin Finley M.D. – endtimepilgrim.org

32 A.D., AN EMBOLISMAL

YEAR, IS THE ONLY YEAR

THAT HAS A LATE NISAN

MOON TO ALLOW THE

173,880 DAYS TO

CONNECT THE NISAN

MOON OF NEHEMIAH WITH

THE NISAN MOON OF THE

CRUCIFIXION YEAR.

From the chart above we can see that our 173,880 day timespan is nearly a month longer than the 476 years as measured from equinox to equinox. This is a very long timespan and it must begin in the Passover month of Nisan in Nehemiah’s time and terminate in the month of Nisan in the crucifixion year. We can see that only a late Nisan in the year of the cross as provided by an embolismal year, (a year in which an extra month of Adar has been inserted), will accommodate this extra length. Passover, being pushed up later up into the year allows for this extra length of 24 days over the year.

Here are the facts of the matter. Only the yeear 32 A.D fits the bill. Timespans terminating in 30 A.D., 31 A.D., 33 A.D. or 34 A.D. just won’t cut it. Timespans ending in 31 A.D. and 33 A.D. land in Nisan months that occur too early in the year to fit the 173,880 days. And these timelines actually begin in embolismal years. So they start late. These make for Nisan to Nisan timelines that are too short. They are lot long enough to fit in the required number of days for the 69 weeks(sevens) of years. Timespans other than the timespan which terminates in 32 A.D. simply cannot accommodate this long 173,880 day period which overflows 25 days beyond the 476 years.

We can see that only the timespan #2, beginning in the year 445 B.C. and terminating in 32 A.D. will fit. This is the timespan advanced by Sir Robert Anderson in his classic work, ‘The Coming Prince’. Only this timeline will succeed in connecting into two Nisan moons, the beginning Nisan moon being the one for Nehemiah and the ending Nisan moon being the one for the Passover of our Lord’s crucifixion.

Here are the details. A true and correct timespan of the Seventy Weeks of Daniel will lay out the first 69 weeks according to the scriptures. The 69 weeks (or sevens) are 69 x 360 = 173,880 days. The timespan of 173,880 days must link the Nisan moon of Nehemiah chapter 2 to the Nisan moon of Palm Sunday in the Passover of the crucifixion year. This timespan of 173,880 days is 476 years plus an extra 25 days.

These extra 25 days over the year make for a rather stretchy task. We must fit this long timeline between the Nisan months of year ‘A’ with the Nisan month of year ‘B’. Year ‘B’ simply must therefore be a late Passover Nisan moon to make that long and lanky timeline fit.

As can be seen from the diagram above only 32 A.D. was such a year with a late Passover. It was an embolismal year in which an extra month of Adar was inserted in the spring. This happens seven times every 19 years in a cadence know as the metatonic cycle. So the Passover month of Nisan was a late one for 32 A.D.. That is why it fits.

When attempts are made to terminate the 173,880 day timespan into the adjoining years 30 A.D. or 31 A.D or 33 A.D. or 34 A.D., the years before and after 32 A.D. these timelines just will not do. Only when the terminus of the 173,880 day timeline is placed to terminate in 32 A.D. will the 173,880 days fit into two Nisan moons 476 years apart.

The reason the timeline terminating in 32 A.D. fits the requirement is simple. 32 A.D. was an embolismal year. The 2-3 years before and after 32 A.D. were not. The Passover month therefore came late in 32 A.D. thus allowing the extra days to be fitted in.

Both the beginning and the end of the timespan must abut into Nisan months. The Holy Scriptures absolutely and unequivocally require that the 69 weeks, or 173,880 days, fit neatly between the edict of Nehemiah, (which we are told in Nehemiah chapter 2 was in the month of Nisan), and Palm Sunday, (which was also in the Passover month of Nisan, Nisan 10). If we are running a timeline 25 days over the 476 years then our Paschal Nisan connection, (Palm Sunday), simply must be a late Nisan. It must have been an embolismal year.

Did 32 A.D. see a Hebrew calendar with an extra month of Adar inserted in the early spring and pushing the month of Nisan further up in the year? Was 32 A.D. an embolismal year?
It certainly was!

THE 444 B.C. TO 33 A.D.

TIMELINE OF DR.

HOEHNER FAILS

TO ACCOMMODATE THE

FULL 173,880 DAYS OF

THE 69 WEEKS

Let us look now at the third timespan offered by Dr. Harold Hoehner. He suggests that the 173,880 day timelime terminated in Nisan of 33 A.D.. But as we see from the graphic above, 33 A.D. was not an embolismal year. If the timespan terminated in 33 A.D. it would have terminated in a early Nisan moon. Therefore, going back 476 years and 25 days we push the beinning of the timespan to a day which is very early in the spring of 444 B.C.. As we can see it is over 15 days befor the spring equinox Such a timeline, beginning in 444 B.C. would come to full moon status in a very early springtime moon that would fall short. That moon would be too early to qualify as Nisan. It would actually be the 12th month, the month of Adar.

As we see in the diagram above, the new moon of this particular month would have occurred in the early hours of March 2nd. This particular moon would have become a full moon 14 days later on March 16. So this early springtime moon would have reached its fullness on March 16. Therefore it would have fallen short of the spring equinox ‘E’ (which is March 21), by 5 days. A shortfalling of this magnitude would clearly disqualify this moon as a candidate for the Nisan moon that year. It would therefore have been inserted as a 13th embolismal month in the Hebrew Calendar and so named as the second month of Adar or Adar 2.

So we must conclude that Professor Hoehner has failed to connect his 173,880 day timeline to the Nisan of Nehemiah. Instead he has connected it into the earlier month, the month of Adar 2. There is no way Nehemiah would have misjudged and called the month of Adar 2 the month of Nisan. He would surely have recognised that this moon beginning on March 2nd would have had to be declared the month of Adar 2 and not the month of Nisan. The rabbis, or any careful observer of the passages of the equinoxes and the new moons, would never have made a mistake of this gross a magnitude.

Here is another consideration. The Bible was written under the oversight of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit never makes mistakes. And there usno way the Holy Spirit would have allowed such a mistake in setting the Hebrew calendar to be written into the Holy Scriptures.

So the scriptures and the astronomical data have spoken. The timeline 444 B.C. to 33 A.D. for the 69 weeks of Daniel falls short. It just fails to fit the facts we see laid out for us in the Bible and in the astronomical courses of the sun and moon in the heavens.

As we have seen, 444 B.C. could not have been the year that Nehemiah went to the King. And 33 A.D. was not the year of the passion of Jesus. This timespan does not connect into both Nisan moons for the years in question. Clearly the timespan 444 B.C. to 33 A.D. is one year too late. Only the timeline 445 B.C. to 32 A.D. fits the facts.

This is also confirmed by other scriptural evidence. History gives us plenty of evidence that the ’20th year of Artaxerxes’ Longinus mentioned in Nehemiah 2 was in fact 445 B.C. And as we shall see below, the record of Dr. Luke in Luke 2 points clearly to Jesus ministry beginning in the fall of 28 A.D. His crucifixion would have occurred 3.5 years later during the Passover of 32 A.D..

FROM THE GOSPEL OF

LUKE WE HAVE FURTHER

EVIDENCE THAT THE

CRUCIFIXION YEAR WAS

32 A.D. LUKE RECORDS

THAT THE YEAR IN WHICH

JOHN THE BAPTIST BEGAN

HIS MINISTRY (AND THUS

THE YEAR WHEN JESUS

WAS BAPTISED AND

BEGAN HIS MINISTRY)

WAS THE 15TH YEAR OF

THE REIGN OF TIBERIUS

CAESAR.

To find out when Jesus began His ministry we need only look up two things. First we find out which year of the reign of Tiberius saw John the Baptist begin his ministry. That was the year Jesus was baptized and the year He began His ministry. From the passage below from Luke chapter 3 we see it was the 15th year of Tiberius’s reign when John the Baptist began his ministry, preaching and baptising in the Jordan valley. Here is our scripture.

LUKE 3:1-31. Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judea, Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene,
2. while Annas and Caiaphas were high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.
3. And he went into all the region around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the remission of sins, (Luke 3:1-3)

The second thing we need to nail down is what year Tiberius began his reign. This is a well known, well established, and well documented year and season In fact we even knoe the actual Julian date. A quick check of Google or the encyclopedia tells us that the first year of Tiberius Caesar began on the 19th of August in 14 A.D. Here below, are just two of many available references giving the date for the commencement of Tiberius’s reign.
It was August 19, 14 A.D.

Reference #1 and Reference #2.

Since the first year of Tiberius was after August 19, 14 A.D. then the fifteenth year of Tiberius was 14 years later and began on August 19 of 14 + 14 = 28 A.D.. So Jesus began His ministry in 28 A.D. in the fall of the year. Since we know from the Gospel accounts that Jesus saw four Passovers during his ministry of 3.5 years then the first Passover was in the following spring of 29 A.D.. The second was 30 A.D., the third was 31 A.D., and the fourth and final Passover, the passover of His crucifixion, was 32 A.D.

This fits perfectly with the calculation of the first 69 weeks of the 70 weeks prophecy as laid out by Sir Robert Anderson. Jesus as ‘Messiah the Prince’ came into Jerusalem on the 10th of Nisan in the spring of 32 A.D.

THE FIRST 69 WEEKS OF THE

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

COUNT

THE FIRST 69 WEEKS OF THE

SEVENTY WEEKS OF DANIEL.

173,880 DAYS LAID OUT ACROSS

THE SOLAR AND LUNAR CYCLES

BETWEEN THE NISAN MOON OF

NEHEMIAH IN 445 B.C. AND THE

NISAN MOON OF PALM SUNDAY,

PASSION WEEK, IN 32 A.D..

A study by Gavin Finley MBBS


MEASURING THE TIMELINE OF

THE 69 ‘WEEKS’ OR 69 ‘SEVENS’

OF YEARS. JOB #1 IS TO

DETERMINE THE PRECISE

NUMBER

OF DAYS IN EACH ‘YEAR’OF THE

70 WEEKS OF DANIEL.

As we have seen in our previous discussions the seventy weeks, (or sevens), of Daniel are made up of seventy “sevens” of years or 490 years. These 490 ‘years’ are 490 parcels of time. Now for that all important question. How many days are in each of these ‘years’?Let us not immediately assume that these ‘years’ are earthly years of 365.2422 days. This is where many have gone wrong in their calculations of the 70 weeks of Daniel. Remember that these ‘seventy weeks (sevens) of years’ are issued to us from the throne of God.

Fortunately we are not left to guess or to argue about this. We have an authoritative scripturally well founded answer to that all important question. This is undoubtedly what Sir Robert Anderson noticed as he studied and read his Bible.

Tucked away in the book of Revelation there is a “Rosetta Stone” for biblical or prophetic time. It is given to us in the context of that very important prophecy of ‘the woman and the dragon’. This prophecy concerns of the final 3.5 years of this age. The length of this very important time period and also the purpose for this time period is given to us twice in Revelation chapter 12. This passage of scripture gives us the timespan of the exile and nurturing, (or feeding), of ‘the woman’. This wonderful information was brought to Daniel, (and us), by the angel of God’s Word, the angel Gabriel. In verse 6 the time period for the exile and nurturing of the woman, a picture of God’s Elect, is given to us in terms of days. And in verse 14 the very same time period is given to us in terms of ‘times’ or years. This is our ‘Rosetta stone’ for calibrating the biblical years of the 70 Weeks of Daniel in terms of days.

Revelation chapter 12 provides us with some very important information concerning the last half of the 70th week of Daniel. This is the final 3.5 years of this age. It involves the exile and spiritual nurturing of the people of God. The period of time is given as 1260 days and also as 3.5 years.

This is John’s vision of the dragon and the woman. The ‘woman’ here is a picture of God’s covenant people. John saw her being threatened by the Dragon. God gives her the wings of a great eagle. She is airlifted, possibly from some country, (or countries), with an eagle in their heraldry. ‘The woman’ then flies off to a place of safety where she is fed/nurtured/taken care of for 1260 days/3.5 years.

The timespan of the Great Tribulation has been given to us twice in precise units of time. This prophecy actually calibrates the last half of the 70th week. The time is dispensed to us in terms of days as well as in terms of years. Here in Revelation 12 we have in effect a “Rosetta Stone” for biblical time. So we can know for an absolute certainty just how many days are in each ‘year’ of all 70 of the 70 ‘weeks’ or 70 ‘sevens’ of Daniel. Here are the details.

The timespan for the final half of the 70th week is issued to us twice. In verse 6 the Holy Spirit tells us that the woman is nurtured/taken care of/fed for a period of 1260 days.

REVELATION 12
6 Then the woman fled into the wilderness,
where she has a place prepared by God,
that they should feed her there one thousand two hundred and sixty days.

Now, let us look down 8 verses in the same chapter.
Lo and behold, what do we see?

REVELATION 12
14 But the woman was given two wings of a great eagle,
that she might fly into the wilderness to her place,
where she is nourished for a time and times and half a time,
from the presence of the serpent.

Verse 14 is a restatement by the Holy Spirit of the very same reassuring information. But this time He issues the time to us using a different unit of time. A ‘time’ in scripture is a year. The Holy Spirit tells us that the woman is ‘nurtured’ or ‘taken care of’ for a “time, times, and half a time” or 3.5 years.This is some exceedingly helpful information! Now. If we divide these 1260 days by the 3.5 biblical years we get a biblical or prophetic year of precisely 360 days.

This is very important. It shows us without a shadow of a doubt that in that last ‘week’ or ‘seven years’ of the 70 weeks of Daniel God is issuing His holy biblical or prophetic ‘year’ as a ‘year’ made up of exactly 360 days. So much for the length of the biblical or prophetic year as we see it outlined in scripture for the last 3.5 years of the 70th week. Each year of the final seven years of this age is made up of 360 days. It is not the solar year we see down here in this damaged cosmos, the year of 365.2422 days. God’s word has spoken. So there should be no question about it.

DETERMINING THE FIRST 69 WEEKS

OF THE 70 WEEKS OF DANIEL

Now we can turn our attention to laying out the timeline of the 69 weeks. Since we have a God who does things in perfect order and beauty we can be absolutely certain that God is totally consistent in His reckoning of all of the 70 weeks/sevens of years. As we have seen, God measures out the 70th week in terms of years made up of of 360 days. So we can be absolutely certain that He has done precisely the same for the previous 69 years that unfolded in times past.So we can discount all the chronologies men have put forward for the 70 Week prophecy that are calculated on the basis of solar years of 365.2422 days. Every single one of them will be wrong. This is where Sir Isaac Newton was sidelined as he attempted to calculate the 70 weeks back in the late 1600′s.

God reckons time according to the ideal of a holy and perfect solar system. In susch a solar system the planet earth would orbit around the sun in perfect circle and each cycle would last 360.0000000 days. In this perfect ideal solar system the moon circles around the earth in perfect holy months of 30.0000000 days and finishes the 12 revolutions precisely as the earth finishes its revolution around the sun. Each of the four seasons would be 90.000000 days. So here is what we have established so far. Any reckoning of the 70 Weeks of Daniel which does not follow this perfect pattern and does not consider prophetic/biblical time as a year of 360 days made up of 12 perfect months of 30 days is not going to work. It will be flawed from the start.

MANY HAVE HAD PROBLEMS

WITH BIBLICAL TIME,

ESPECIALLY OF YEARS MADE UP

OF 360 DAYS.

But, some will say, this reckoning of 360 days to a year does not agree with the earthly things we see around us? We see a year of 365.2433 days. And we see a lunar month of 29.530589 days. These are people with an earthbound mindset.God has given us a timeline of 69 weeks or sevens of years. We have to lay it out in history across nearly five centuries. Here is where we must decide. Do we measure out our biblical timelines with years based on what we see in the damaged and imperfect cosmos as we measure it out today? Or do we go with the measuring stick for prophetic time God has given to us in scripture? In laying out our timeline for the 69 weeks do we use the solar year our own human eyes see? Or do we use the year God has shown us that He Himself is using for the latter half of that final 70th week? In short, do we insist on using terrestial time? Or do we use the sacred heavenly time God uses?

Presented in this way the answer for an evangelical would seem obvious. But it is surprising how many liberal scholars find this to be a stumblingblock. Their earthy scientifically correct view of the year seems to be all that they can see. The biblical reckoning of time, (a year = 360 days), a leap of faith. It is too much of a stretch for them. It is very hard for earhly minded people to make the jump. What is going on here?

This may in fact be what God planned all along. This may be just another instance of how God guards His Word. We are in a spiritual war. Like all wars it is an information war. This information on the 70 Weeks of Daniel involves the end-time. The saints will need this information in times to come. But the less the enemy and his agents know the better.

Think of it. God’s Word has been hidden for a long time now. But as we come towards the end-time this information will be unsealed. God will make His message available to His saints. He speaks to them in biblical and devotional code. These are messages that only consecrated believers can “get”. Daniel was told to “seal up the prophecy until the time of the end. For many shall run to and fro and knowledge will increase”. (Dan.12:9) He was also told that “the wise would understand.” (Dan.12:10) So there is a reason for this information to be “sealed up”. God is getting His message out to His people when they need it, and especially as they approach the end time. He is also preventing His Word from getting into the hands of the wrong people. As they come up to the threshold of the end time drama the prophecies in Daniel will be unsealed. The information will then be opened up to the saints. This is just as Daniel prophesied.

BEGINNING OUR CALCULATION

OF THE 69 WEEKS OR 69

‘SEVENS’ OF YEARS.

So once we have calibrated our time units for the ‘years’ of the latter half of the 70th week we can now readily and easily calculate the number of days for the timespan of the former 69 weeks (or sevens) of years. This is quite simple really. Here are our calculations.7 weeks + 62 weeks = 69 weeks or 69 sevens of years.

69 x 7 = 483 biblical/holy years.

As we have established, each year is 360 days.
This ends up being
483 x 360 = 173,880 days (inclusive)
This is a time interval of 173,879 days between the beginning day #1 and the final day #173,880.

173,880 days

This, then, is the number which Sir Robert Anderson arrived at for the 69 weeks as set forth in his celebrated book, ‘The Coming Prince’. This book was first published in 1894. It is still available in good Christian bookstores.

MEASURING OUT THE 69

WEEKS/173,880 DAYS ACROSS

OUR EARTHLY YEARS BY THE

CALENDAR AND ASTRONOMICAL

DATA RELATING TO THE SOLAR

CYCLES.

The next step is to lay out our 173,880 days across the solar passage of years and determine how many earthly years this spans. Sir Robert Anderson used our present Gregorian calendar and its treatment of leap years to make his calculations of the 69 weeks/173,880 days. He wrote to the Astronomer Royal at Greenwich to determine when the new moons came through for the Passover month of Nisan for 445 B.C. and for 32 A.D. From knowledge of when the Nisan moon came through in the year of Nehemiah and the year of the passion of Christ he was then able to place his 173,880 days into the Gregorian calendar to arrive at his startling conclusion.

This is the approach using the solar cycles of years. An additional approach, and one used by this author, is to use the astronomical data for the monthly lunar cycles as well. As we shall outline further down in this article this comes to 5,888 moons plus 8 days. It is then a straightforward matter to connect the beginning and ending days of those 476 solar years plus 25 days or 5,888 moons plus 8 days into the Hebrew calendar for the years in question. The timeline can then be seen to fit perfectly between the Edict of Nehemiah and Palm Sunday at the beginning of Passion Week.

As we have determined above, the 69 weeks is a timespan of 173,880 days inclusive. This is 173,879 days for the difference between the first and last days of the 173,880 days. The true solar year astronomically is 365.242199 or 365.2422 days. How many years then is in this interval of 69 “weeks”/sevens/173,879 days? Let us pull out our calculators and see.

173,879 days divided by 365.2422 days
= 476.0649 years.
So the 69 weeks/sevens = 476 years plus a small fraction of a year.
That small fraction is 0.06492 of a year.
0.06492 x 365.2422 days per year = 23.7 days or 24 days.

So an accurate tally of years for the 69 week interval, the interval between day #1 and day #173,880 is 476 solar years plus 24 days.

LAYING OUT THE 476 YEAR

TIMELINE BETWEEN TWO

AUSPICIOUS YEARS THAT MARK

THE START AND THE FINISH OF

THE 69 WEEKS THESE BEING AN

EDICT TO “RESTORE AND BUILD

JERUSALEM”, AND A TERMINUS

YEAR NOTEWORTHY AS

“MESSIAH THE PRINCE”. .

Let us now lay out our 476 years and 24 days as a timeline. It must start from the date of an edict giving authority to ‘restore and build Jerusalem’. It must then run on without pause to end at a termination date auspicious as the day of “Messiah the Prince”.

As we determined in our earlier discussion of the various edicts in chapter 3 it was only the edict of Artaxerxes in His 20th year and delivered to Nehemiah in 445 B.C. that met the criteria called for to initiate Daniel’s prophecy of the 70 weeks. The month of Nisan in 445 B.C. would begin a timespan that would reach forward 476 solar years and 24 days. Finally, on the 173,880th day, the timeline would terminate on that epic day and year when Jesus presented Himself to His people politically as “Messiah the Prince”.

As we saw in part 3 of this study, the 457 B.C. date, as given by Sir Isaac Newton and many others even now, would be too early. This earlier edict of Cyrus not only fails to meet the requirements of a political restoration but it fails to connect on any auspicious days. And as we saw, these earlier edicts did not authorize or give any permission whatsoever for the Jewish nation to restore the gates and walls and thus grant political sovereignty to Jerusalem to resume its history as a sovereign, independent city-state.

In reaching forward the 476 years and 24 days we are not vague or sloppy in making the connection to the life of Jesus. The angel Gabriel told told Daniel, and us, that the terminus of the 69 week timeline would be “unto Messiah the Prince”. There must be a day in holy history that fits this. Is there? Let us take a look and see.

First, let us make one thing abundantly clear. We are looking for a day answerable to the prophecy “Messiah the Prince”. So we are not looking for the date of His birth nor His baptism. Yes, Jesus was born a king, just as the wise men from the east had stated. But Jesus did not present Himself to His people as “Messiah”, the anointed King of the Jews and High Priest of Israel when He was a baby. Nor was the day in which we saw “Messiah the Prince” the day when Jesus went to the Jordan River to be baptized by John. There was one day, and one day only, in which Jesus presented Himself to His people as “Messiah the Prince”. On this auspicious day Jesus entered Jerusalem in a very public and political way. He came in through the Eastern Gate as Messiah should. He presented Himself before the crowds, lowly, and riding upon a donkey. This was precisely as prophesied. – Zech 9:9

So we have 2 very specific dates to consider as markers on a time line pegging out the first 69 weeks of the 70 weeks of Daniel. The likely starting day has been given to us in Nehemiah 2 as being “in the month of Nisan” and “in the 20th year of Artaxerxes”.

Here are the facts. Artaxerxes Longinus began his reign in February of 464 B.C. 19 years later his 20th year would have begun in February of 445 B.C. So the 20th year of Artaxerxes Longinus is well established historically as beginning in the winter month of February in 445 B.C. Nehemiah went to the king with his request a month or so later. According to Nehemiah this was in the springtime month of Nisan. Nehemiah does not give us a specific date in Nisan. But we have good reason to look at the new moon of Nisan 1 or Nisan 2 for our starting date. Because the time of the new moon was generally the time when kings made their edicts and pronouncements from the throne.

And when is our finishing day? As we shall see the 173,880 day time line comes to its terminus on a very auspicious day in the Passover month of Nisan in 32 A.D., specifically Nisan 10 of that year. As we shall discover, it was 5,888 moons and 8 days later.

Brothers and sisters, we must be very careful here. Two appropriate and auspicious dates in holy history have been given to us. We must now connect the timespan faithfully and accurately. And we must do it within the accuracy expected for the sighting of the new moons. We are talking here of an accuracy of one or two days across 476 solar years. That is a “hole in one” or a bullseye hit on a target at an extreme range. Can we do it? Let us see.

Remember, we are dealing here with holy things. If we cannot do this accurately and the time line does not fit and fit accurately then we are finished. We may as well then wrap up the study, admit we are defeated, and go home. Because we are dealing here with the holy things of God. And “mucking around” with the numbers is out of the question for us. That is occultic manipulative behavior. It will not do. It is falling short of God’s glory. It is sin. If we present wrong information we as teachers will be severely punished. False teachers commit the sin of Jeroboam, leading God’s covenant people ointo error. Bible teachers who dare to teach falsehood will suffer great shame and reproach before the courts of heaven.

We serve a holy God. His very Presence strikes fear into all who get crosswise of Him. Any person who teaches Bible prophecy should be very very careful. If we present or teach something relating to the Holy One of Israel then it had better be right. Our calling and our discipline as Christian believers is to be diligent in the holy scriptures, led by the Spirit of God, and obedient to our calling in God. God has promised us He will lead us into all truth. This is not ‘relative truth’ or ‘courtroom truth’ or ‘town hall truth’. In this matter of the 70 weeks of Daniel we must have total and absolute truth within the limits God has given us. When the time line is placed and then offered up for the saints it must be mathematically and astronomically correct!

Teachers of Biblical truth have an awesome responsibility here. God punishes severely all those who place incorrect markers on the pathway. As we walk on into the future then we as pilgrims need a correct map. So we had best be led by His Holy Spirit in what we present. No other ‘spirit’, be it profane or religious, has any right to worm its way into any teaching that involves the Holy Bible. These are days of great deception. The religious spirits among us are the worst of all. So we had best make sure that all our conclusions are in alignment with the Holy Scriptures.

If we are wrong in what we say then we are presenting disinformation. We are misleading God’s elect people and sending them off down the wrong path. This is a very serious matter. If we go along with disseminating wrong information then we as teachers have ‘turned’. We have become ‘double agents’ operating on the side of the enemy. We have wittingly or unwittingly become agents for the dark side.

Back to our study. The date of ascension of Artaxerxes Longinus is well established by secular sources. It was in February of 464 B.C. that his predecessor was assassinated. The 20th year of Artaxerxes would therefore have begun 19 years later on February of 445 B.C.. Since Nehemiah tells us that he received the edict from the king in the springtime month of Nisan which follows this February of 445 B.C. we can know with certainty that the 20th year of Artaxerxes was in the year of 445 B.C.. Thus begins our timeline of 173,880 days, or
5888 moons and 8 days, or
476 solar years and 24 days.

In counting the years between a B.C. date and an A.D. date it is important to remember to subtract a year since there is no year zero. 445 B.C. is therefore -444 A.D. Remember it was the Arab mathematicians who gave us the concept and the number zero. Their heyday did not come until centuries later in the 700′s A.D.

If we lay out 476 years and 25 days from the springtime of 445 B.C. we come to the springtime of 32 A.D.. Was this an auspicious year? It certainly was! Not only have we tagged the crucifixion year but we have intercepted it in the springtime. We have landed our 173,880 days right in the very time period of the Passover in the year of 32 A.D.! This looks very promising.

Now let us line up year 1 of our timespan, (which is 445 B.C.), with year 476 (32 A.D.) at their spring equinoxes. (See the chart above.) This will mark out 476 solar years exactly. Those extra 24 days over the 476 solar years will make up the days we use to reach out from the equinox points into the adjoining Nisan months of 445 B.C. and 32 A.D.. With those extra 24 days we shall measure out the days from the spring equinox points to reach out to those two auspicious dates, the decree of Artaxerxes to Nehemiah in 445 B.C. and the Palm Sunday entry into Jerusalem of Jesus at “Messiah the Prince” in 32 A.D.

We have just laid out our time-line of the 69 weeks in terms of the present Gregorian solar calendar. However, the beginning and ending points are given to us in terms of a Hebrew calendar. Nehemiah received the edict from King Artaxerxes “in the Hebrew month of Nisan”. – Neh. 2:1. And Jesus entered Jerusalem as “Messiah the Prince” during the Passover which was also during the month of Nisan. Since our present Gregorian calendar ignores the lunar passages we must connect our time-line to these Hebrew calendar dates by some other means.

THE WITNESS OF THE LUNAR CYCLES: PLACING THE 69 WEEKS INTO A TIMELINE BETWEEN THE THE “COMMANDMENT TO RESTORE AND BUILD JERUSALEM” AND “MESSIAH THE PRINCE”.

Our current solar calendar uses months that Julius Caesar shackled to the solar year. Our months no longer follow the passages of the moon. So we shall need to reconcile our current solar-only calendar to the solar/lunar Hebrew calendar in some way. We shall need the testimony of the moon as well as that of the sun. This is what God told us back at creation.

Then God said, “Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night;
and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years;” -Gen.1:14

Our Creator was referring to the passages of the sun and moon.The best point to measure out the solar years and to connect into the Nisan moons of the Hebrew calendar is the spring equinox. The spring equinox on our Gregorian calendar occurs in March 21 or March 20th in a leap year. The first full moon that comes after the spring equinox is by definition the month of Nisan on the Hebrew calendar. So to measure out our timespan of the 69 weeks into the Hebrew calendar dates we shall need to lay out the Nisan moons alongside the spring equinoxes of the years in question. To do this we shall need the date and time those Nisan new moons occurred for the years 445 B.C. and 32 A.D.. This was the approach used by Sir Robert Anderson. Back in 1877 he obtained this information from the Astronomer Royal of Greenwich Observatory. Here is the letter he received back from the A.R.

“ROYAL OBSERVATORY, GREENWICH.”June 26th, I877.<

“SIR,
– I have had the moon’s place calculated from Largeteau’s Tables in Additions to the Connaisance des Tems 1846, by one of my assistants, and have no doubt of its correctness. The place being calculated for – 444, March 12d. 20h., French reckoning, or March 12d. 8h. P. M., it appears that the said time was short of New Moon by about 8h. 47m., and therefore the New Moon occurred at 4h. 47m. A. M., March 13th, Paris time.”

I am, etc.,
” (Signed,) G. B. AIRY.”

The new moon, therefore, occurred at Jerusalem on the 13th March, B. C. 445 (444 Astronomical) at 7h. 9m. A. M.
One online resource that gives some lunar data is the U.S. Naval Observatory. Unfortunately it does not go back further than the year 1700. I have used Sir Robert Anderson’s new moon data for 445 B.C. and 32 A.D. for this study. Armed with this lunar information we can then construct a combined Gregorian/Hebrew calendar on which to lay out the 69 weeks.What was the date of the edict? Here Sir Robert Anderson began with a good assumption. Since the traditional times for kings to issue edicts was at the time of the new moon then he considered that Nehemiah would have received the king’s decree on the first day of Nisan. He therefore laid out his timespan from the 1st of Nisan, (March 14th), of 445 B.C..

When did the 69 weeks end? The 69 weeks/476 solar years and 23.7 days/173,879 day span reaches out from day #1 and comes to a terminus on day #173,880, the day of “Messiah the Prince”. This was on the tenth day of Nisan four days before the day the Passover lambs were killed on Nisan 14. (Lev.23:5, Num.28:16) Working from the calendar and adding the appropriate leap years and leap century adjustments Sir Robert Anderson had determined that Palm Sunday, the tenth of Nisan, was April 6th of 32 A.D.. But when we look at the new moon data for the Nisan moon of 32 A.D. Nisan 10 would appear to be closer to April 9th. (see section 5 down below)

All this notwithstanding, Sir Robert Anderson’s remarkably accurate and faithful work, perhaps set back in time by no more than 2-3 days is recorded in his book, now available online, “The Coming Prince”. It is a landmark piece of scholarship still being published today long after the first edition came out in 1894. His book should put to rest any historicist or preterist notions that 70 weeks or 69.5 weeks have already been completed.

THE TESTIMONY OF THE NISAN MOONS OF 445 B.C. AND 32 A.D. AS THEY NOT ONLY SUPERIMPOSE THE HEBREW CALENDAR DATES FOR NISAN ONTO OUR GREGORIAN CALENDAR BUT ALSO AS THE PASSAGE OF THESE 5,888 MOONS PROVIDE AN ACCURATE MEASURING ROD FOR THE 69 WEEKS/173,880 DAYS.

Let us now consider the lunar cycles in more detail. What information can the moon provide us with apart from providing the Hebrew calendar connection points to the Gregorian calendar years of Nehemiah’s edict and “Messiah the Prince”? Well once we have identified our connection years on the Gregorian calendar we can then use the lunar cycles alone to provide us with a direct and accurate measure of the entire 69 weeks. This neatly by-passes all concerns about calendars, leap years and such. As far as I know this article is the first time a straight lunar measurement of the 69 weeks has been published. It had been ready and waiting to be done since the astronomical data is well known. Indeed the new moon times for the Nisan months in question, accurate right down to the minute, are sitting right there in Anderson’s 19th century book on pages 102 and 124. As we shall see, the testimony of the lunar cycles provides a wonderful confirmation of the solar/calendar measurements of the 69 weeks.

Sir Robert Anderson had obtained the Nisan new moon times for 445 B.C., the month of Nehemiah’s edict, and 32 A.D., the Passover month of Palm Sunday/Passion week. Nisan is by definition the first full moon after the spring equinox. These new moon times are as follows.

For 445 B.C. (-444 A.D.) the Nisan new moon occurred on March 13th at 0709 hrs. or 7:09 A.M. – Jerusalem time. (In Susa out in Persia 700 miles to the east of Jerusalem where Nehemiah was stationed the new moon would have been just 45 minutes earlier.)For 32 A.D the Nisan new moon occurred on March 29th at 2257 hrs. or 10:57 P.M. – Jerusalem time.

We are now able to start our work of laying out the moons as a second timeline for the 69 weeks.With the date and time of the new moon of Nehemiah’s Nisan moon fixed and the date and time of the new moon of Messiah the Prince similarly fixed in time then a certain perfect number of moons will fit precisely into that new moon to new moon time period. But exactly how many lunar cycles will that timespan accommodate? It will, of course, be an exact number of moons. That is the next thing we shall determine.

Let us first take our 69 week time span which is 173,879 days and ask ourselves how many moon cycles this timespan saw back in the 445 B.C. to 32 A.D. period. We know what the lunar cycle is today. It is a month of 29.530587 days. But is this the same lunar cycle seen during the time period of the 69 weeks two thousand years ago? The answer is no. And why not? Because the moon is slowing down with time and slowly moving away from the earth The lunar cycles are slowing down by one second every 36 years. How then can we find out what the lunar cycle length was back in the time of the 69 weeks? Well if it is slowing by one second every 36 years then the average lunar month for the time period of the 69 weeks back over two millennia ago will be the lunar cycle seen half way through the 445 B.C. and 32 A.D. timespan. This middle year would be 206 B.C.
This is 2206 years ago.
How many seconds faster was the lunar cycle back then than it is today in the year 2000? Let us find out.

2206 divided by 36 = 61.3 seconds.So the moon revolved around the earth 61.3 seconds faster back in the middle (or average) year of the 69 weeks compared to today.

There are 60 x 60 x 24 = 86400 seconds in a day.

61.3 seconds divided by 86,400 seconds = 0.000709 days

So the lunar cycle seen in the midst of the 69 weeks back in 206 B.C. was 0.000709 of a day faster than the lunar cycle as measured today.

The lunar cycle today is 29.530587 days

So the average lunar cycle for the 69 weeks back during the years between 445 B.C. and 32 A.D was

29.530587 days, (our present lunar cycle)
minus 0.000709 days (the fraction of a day that the lunar cycle was faster.)
29.529878 days

This then is a pretty close calculation for determining the lunar cycle seen back in the time of the 69 weeks. With this pretty accurate figure for the lunar cycles back then we can plug it into our new moon to new moon interval between the Nisan moon of Nehemiah in 445 B.C. and the Nisan moon of Palm Sunday, 32 A.D. Then we can count the moons with full assurance that we are homing in to a very accurate figure.We do this by dividing our calculated lunar cycle into the time interval given to us by Sir Robert Anderson between the new moons listed above for Nisan of 445 B.C. (March 13 at 0709 hrs.) and Nisan of 32 A.D. (March 29 at 2257 hrs.). This new moon to new moon time interval is

476 years + 16 days + 15 hours + 48 minutes.
= 476 x 365.2422 days + 16.658 days
173,871.94 days

Let us divide this accurate number of days (173,871.94) by our fairly accurate lunar cycle for the 69 weeks which we calculated above as close to 29.529878 days.

173,871.94 divided by 29.529878
= 5888.0006

Aha! The answer comes to 5,888.0006 moons. This is very close. So we have now confirmed that 5,888 moons passed between the edict of Artaxerxes given to Nehemiah and the Passover of Palm Sunday. We can now be sure that if the Nisan moon of Nehemiah was moon #1 then the Nisan moon of “Messiah the Prince” was 5,888 moons later at Moon #5,889.

Now using our new moon to new moon span of 173,871.94 days we can fine-tune our calculated lunar cycle length for the 69 weeks. This will give us an exceedingly accurate lunar cycle for the 69 weeks. We do this by dividing the 173,871.94 days by this whole number 5,888 which is the exact number of moons for that new moon to new moon interval.

173,871.94 divided by 5,888 = 29.529881 days.

1. We now know the number of moons. There were 5,888 of them. 2. We now know with a high degree of accuracy what the lunar cycle was back in the time of the 69 weeks. It was 29.529881 days

With this accurate information we can now proceed to use the lunar cycles alone to measure out the 69 weeks/173,879 days between those two auspicious days reaching out and touching those Nisan moons 476 years apart.
Then we can lay it directly right onto the Hebrew calendar.

Let us now look again at the Nehemiah new moon to Messiah new moon timespan.
It is 173,871.94 days.
Let us now compare it to the 69 week timespan of 173,879 days.

173,879 days – 173,871.94 days = 7.06 days

So our 173,879 days for the 69 week interval is very close to 7 days over this new moon to new moon interval. So now, since our Nisan date for Nehemiah’s edict from Artaxerxes is 7 days earlier in the lunar cycle than the Palm Sunday lunar cycle then we can be fairly certain that the Hebrew calendar dates are also very close to 7 days apart. Since the Palm Sunday date was on the tenth of Nisan we can go back 5,888 moons and 7 days and say that Nehemiah probably got his edict from Artaxerxes on the 10 – 3 = 3rd day of the Nisan moon in 445 B.C. Which brings us to our next consideration.SETTING THE HEBREW CALENDAR
BY NEW MOON SIGHTINGS

As Sir Robert Anderson stated in the “Coming Prince” it cannot be assumed that the first day of the month was the day following the new moon. It is exceedingly difficult to see the thin sliver of the new moon with the unaided eye before it is 24 hours old. This is seen in the photos sent into the Islamic site moonsighting.com. The new moon may not have been sighted until it was over 36 hours old or even on the morning of the third day if the weather was overcast. This is why sightings of the new moon were reported in from widely separated parts of the country.

As we saw in section B the 69 weeks of years comprised 476 solar years plus 24 days.
So the Nisan date of the entry of “Messiah the Prince” into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday of 32 A.D was
476 years and 24 days further into the solar year than the Nisan date of Nehemiah when he received the edict of Artaxerxes in 445 B.C. This is a big stretch for a timespan connecting two Nisan moons. It would only have been possible if the terminus was allowed to move deeper into the year than usual such as happens in an embolismal year with a late Nisan moon or a late Passover. This is precisely what we saw in 32 A.D. Even with the early Nehemiah Nisan and a late Calvary Nisan the 476 years and 24 days only just manages to squeeze into the time-line. No other paired Nisan moons in the years before or after could come anywhere near accommodating these 173,880 days. This proves conclusively thatthe Passover of our Lord’s passion was 32 A.D. and not 33 A.D. as is commonly stated.

A.D. 32 was an embolismal year and saw a late Passover that year. An embolismal year has an extra month of Adar inserted early in the spring before the 1st month of the year, the month of Nisan. This puts the Passover later down the year. In the following years it drifts back 11.24 days each year until the next embolismal year. Why 11.24 days? Since the lunar cycles are very close to 29.5 days the Hebrews used a calendar of twelve lunar months of alternating 29 and 30 days. This made a calendar of 354 days. The solar/calendar year is 365.24 days or 11.24 days longer than the lunar calendar of 354 days of 12 lunar cycles. About every third year the month following the 12th month would fall short of the the spring equinox. Having failed to qualify as the Nisan moon it would then be inserted as a thirteenth month and considered a second month of Adar. This would be an embolismal year. Typically, in the springtime, and after the 12 months had passed the rabbis would determine whether the coming moon was going to fall short of the spring equinox as it came to its fullness.

This consideration of the embolismal year is very important. Those 24 extra days over and above the 476 years had to be crammed into the span of time that would connect two Nisan months 476 years apart. Not only that, the terminus was only going up ten days into the Nisan moon. So our investigations astronomically will lead us to the conclusion that no other nearby years, (not 31 A.D. and particularly 33 A.D.) could accommodate the 69 weeks. The time-line only fits in between an early Nisan moon at the start of the time-line, (which we saw in 445 B.C.), and a late Nisan moon for the terminus point, (which we saw in 32 A.D.). No other pair of Nisans spanning 476 years will accommodate those 173,879 days! This provides proof that 32 A.D. was in fact the year of the crucifixion. Only an extra-long Nisan to Nisan span will accommodate the 476 years and those 24 extra days.
32 A.D. was such a year! This makes for an amazing confirmation of the 69 week prophecy.

Now we are finally able to place our 69 ‘week’ span of 173,879 days. Messiah presented Himself as Messiah on just one day in history. This was Nisan 10, the so called “triumphant entry into Jerusalem”. Jesus entered the eastern gate passing on up into the city of shalom riding on a donkey. The crowds threw palm branches out be fore Him. Yet just 4 days later they would cry, “crucify him!”

Let us now consider this Nisan moon of 32 A.D. According to the Astronomer Royal of Greenwich in 1877 and the U.S. Naval Observatory today the new moon would have occurred on March 29 late at night. It occurred at 2257 hrs or 10:57 P.M.. There is no way the moon could have been seen on the following morning of March 30th when it was only 7 hours old and highly unlikely it was seen the following evening when it was only 19 hours old and before the new moon set with the sun. On the morning of March 31st, however, the new moon was over 30 hours old and was probably seen then thus marking March 31 as Nisan 1 on the Hebrew calendar. The Palm Sunday date of Nisan 10 would therefore have been nine days later on April 9th.

Sir Robert Anderson put the Nisan 10 date 3 days earlier than this. He put it at April 6. This author does not believe that this would have been possible in view of the new moon data we have just considered.

Be that as it may the difference is of no great consequence. Sir Robert showed us the length of the time-line 69 weeks of years, laid it out across 476 years of history and tagged and connected the Nisan moon of the Edict of Artaxerxes to Nehemiah with Palm Sunday on the tenth day of the Nisan moon of Calvary. God bless him for that! He showed us that the 69 week time-line fits the two events with amazing accuracy.

In looking at the placement of his 173,880 day time-line it seems that Sir Robert Anderson was insistent that the edict of Nehemiah must have been issued on Nisan 1. After assessing the lunar data this author favors the date Nisan 2 for the Edict. Traditionally the new moons were times when edicts were handed down by kings. This is not a big difference. With the vagaries of new moon sightings and Hebrew calendars our ability to lay out a time-line with an accuracy of 1-2 days is about as close as it is possible to get anyway.

Having established a well fixed terminus for the 173,880 days let us remember that this April 9 Palm Sunday date is 24 days further down the solar year than the day of Nehemiah’s edict 476 years and 24 days before. So if we back up 24 days from April 9 we shall get to our Gregorian calendar date in which Nehemiah went before the king and made his appeal to rebuild Jerusalem. April 9 minus 24 days = March 16 of 445 B.C.

The question we must ask ourselves now is what date on the Hebrew calendar is March 16? Well again we shall need to determine when the new moon for Nisan 445 B.C. came through. Sir Robert Anderson’s own data from the Astronomer Royal of Greenwich gives us a new moon time of 0709 hrs. or 7:09 a.m. on March 13. Nehemiah was at Susa in Persia and 700 miles to the east. This would give a new moon time for Susa about 45 minutes earlier than this Jerusalem time. Would the new moon have been seen the following morning when it was 24 hours old? It may well have been. Sir Robert Anderson tagged this March 14 date as Nisan 1. But it might well have been reckoned as Nisan 2. Again, this is not a big issue. A forty-eight hour window after a passage of 476 years is exceedingly good accuracy!

Sir Robert Anderson considered this first day of the month as the day of the edict. He considered Nisan 1 as the first day of the 70 weeks. But we are not compelled by scripture to link the edict to the very first day of the lunar month. Nehemiah merely states that it was “in the month of Nisan” that he set wine before the king. So the decree could have come a day or two later than Nisan 1 with no compromise to the scriptural requirement whatsoever. Anytime during those 29-30 days of Nisan would be just fine as a starting date for the 70 weeks of Daniel. All God was asking His people to do was tag the lunar cycles. He wanted them be watching for their Messiah on certain future moon which happened to be a certain future Passover.

The Pharisees were very intelligent and savvy men. They were scholars. They had a very good handle on the solar and lunar cycles. The metatonic cycle was discovered 400 years before by the Greeks in Athens. So it was well known. If the wise men from the east knew to look for the approximate time for the expected birth of Messiah over 30 years before why weren’t the Pharisees paying attention to the times as well? They surely must have known enough to calculate the date of the terminus of the 69 weeks. Were the Pharisees watching when Jesus came through the eastern Gate of Jerusalem in the Passover month of Nisan in 32 A.D.?
Apparently not.

THE TESTIMONY OF THE LUNAR CYCLES

Having made our connections to the solar calendar let us now see if the lunar cycles will give us a confirming measurement. They will provide a crosscheck in our endeavor to fix the beginning and ending days of the 69 weeks, i.e. day 1 and day 173,880.
As we have seen from our lunar calculations above, our 69 sevens of biblical 360 day years (or 173,879 days), equal 5,888 moons plus 7 days. Let us now lay them out on the Hebrew calendar. We soon find out that the 5,888 moons plus 7 days fits neatly between the Nisan moon of Nehemiah and the Nisan moon of Passion Week and the Palm Sunday entry of Jesus into Jerusalem as ‘Messiah the Prince’.

Sir Robert Anderson did not use the lunar cycles as a measuring stick. He did use the new moon dates to mark out the Hebrew months of Nisan to fix the dates for the edict of Artaxerxes given to Nehemiah and Palm Sunday.

This little exercise with the lunar cycles is well worthwhile. When we use the passages of the moon as a time measuring device it confirms the amazing accuracy of Sir Robert Anderson’s work.

Let us start with our Nisan 10, 32 A.D. date for Palm Sunday. As we have seen, this day, and this day alone, fulfills the prophecy and meets the criterion for the terminus day of the 69 weeks.

Now let us lay out our time-line from a terminus of Nisan 10, 32 A.D. and back up into history 5,888 moons and 7 days (or 173,879 days). (This is the number of moons in the interval between the beginning and ending days of the 69 weeks (173,880 days inclusive.) Backing up 5,888 moons we come to the 10th day of Nehemiah’s month of Nisan in 445 B.C. Now we back track those last 7 days and we get a date ofNisan 3, 445 B.C.

In the month of Nisan in 445 B.C. the true new moon was 7 a.m. on March 13. The thin crescent would have just become visible to the unaided eye the following morning, the morning of March 14. At that time the moon was 24 hours old. It is possible that the thin crescent of the new moon was not seen until the following day, March 15 in which case the date of Nehemiah’s receiving the edict (March 16) would have been considered Nisan 2 and not Nisan 3. Nisan 3 (or Nisan 2) would have been the Gregorian date of March 16 that year. March 16 is the date we had arrived at earlier for the edict of Artaxerxes to Nehemiah in 445 B.C. So here we see that both the solar cycles and the lunar cycles agree with each other to confirm the timespan for the 69 weeks.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

This is an amazing solution to the prophecy of the 69 weeks.
Sir Robert Anderson’s timeline for the 69 weeks/173,879 days was

March 14, 445 B.C <——> April 6, 32 A.D.
Nisan 1, 445 B.C. <——> Nisan 10, 32 A.D.

This author’s timeline, using the astronomical data of the solar and the lunar cycles, was very close to that of Sir Robert Anderson.

March 16, 445 B.C. <——->April 9, 32 A.D.    (476 years plus 24 days (inclusive))
Nisan 2, 445 B.C. <——->Nisan 10, 32 A.D.    (5888 moons plus 8 days (inclusive))

This variance between the timeline of Sir Robert Anderson and the timeline of this author only amounts to 2-3 days. It is of no great significance. The conclusion is the same.
69 weeks connect the Nisan moon of Nehemiah to the Nisan moon of Palm Sunday and the Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ. No one has presented a timeline that fits the facts so well and with a timeline fitting the dates involved with such fine accuracy.

Dear saints, the 69 weeks have run their course!
And here, for all good men to take note of is one exceedingly important conclusion.
One ‘week’ of seven prophetic years remains to be fulfilled!!!

CONCLUSION #1: THE FIRST 69

WEEKS HAVE RUN THEIR

COURSE.

CONCLUSION #2: THE 70TH

WEEK IS YET FUTURE.

As we can see, the testimony of scripture (Dan.9:26) as well as the testimony of the sun and moon show us that these 69 weeks have run their course. But not the 70th week. No, not even the first half the 70th week! That fact is of critical importance. Today’s believers must make themselves aware of this. Preterist historicists and Partial preterists are everywhere. They, (and their religious arguments), are all over the religious landscape. Biblically sound doctrine, like truth, lies trampled in the street. Wisdom, as a woman, is lifting up her voice. (Prov.1) But few are listening. Even fewer are doing their homework and “proving all things” in the manner of good Bereans.A future 70th week, the final section of the Seventy Weeks of Daniel is up ahead. It will emerge into holy history in climactic fashion. This is exceedingly important. Future history will show that there are enormous devotional and church-state political and consequences to knowing, (or not knowing), that all of the 70th week is yet future.

A future 70th week is slated for our future. The witness of the saints is essential and will achieve a lot. The 5th seal is necessary before the 6th seal can be opened to reveal the sign of the Son of Man in the heavens. This may not be popular to the narcissistic Church in the west. But Chinese and Egyptian Christians over in places abroad understand it very well. It is Blood Covenant Christianity.

The facts of scripture are very clear. The Kingdom of God must be announced. The witness of Christ our Messiah must be given by His witnesses here on this earth. Holy history demands it. The angels are watching as the saints prepare for their final sprint to the finish line. – Heb.12:1 God has given us the signpost into the 70th week. It is the confirming of a seven year covenant with a coming global prince who is a false messiah. He will enter into covenant with many in the world, including Israel, the nations the established church. (Dan.9:27). Jesus Himself told us that this would happen. John 5:43

The signing of this earthy 7 year deal marks the beginnings of the apostasy, or ‘great falling away’ involving national Israel and the compromising world church. (2Thes.2:3) This is difficult for us to receive. But let no man or shady religious spirit lead the Body of Christ to believe otherwise.

This may all sound just too depressing. But it is not really. The trumpets will be sounding. And God’s people will trim the lamps of their spirit. They will procure the oil for the coming night They will make it their business to obtain a supply of spiritual energy from outside of themselves. This is the oil of anointing of the Holy Spirit. Even in the gathering gloom they will ‘rise and shine’. They will leave their places of ease to go out at midnight, even as a wedding party, to meet the Bridegroom. (Isa.60)

Here then, is the ‘rest of the story’. Our God is in control of holy history. He has determined and limited the time. And here is the good news. Messiah will come back personally to wrap up this evil age. (Isa.63) When those 70 weeks have run their course “the saints will possess the Kingdom”. (Dan 7:18 and 7:22) So we can be encouraged. As the 70th week opens up the true saints, as in times before, will cry out to God. And God will answer, as He always does. The saints will find the ancient paths. (Jer.6:16) This will bring in the Endtime Revival that Joel, Hosea, and Isaiah all saw. (Joel 2:28-32, Hos.6:2, Isa.60) God’s faithful elect, the ekklesia/congregation of God, are set to enter the most spellbinding days this world has ever seen. All of these awesome days of the future 70th week are up ahead of us and remain to be fulfilled.

As we have shown, the 69 weeks can be placed beautifully between the edict of Artaxerxes received by Nehemiah and the Palm Sunday entrance of Jesus as “Messiah the Prince”. No other timeline, (even if the author dared to present it astronomically), would even come close. None would achieve this amazing degree of accuracy. This is just one more of many instances where the Word of God has been proven proven infallible and true.

Grace and shalom to all who love His appearing.

On to Section 9:
THE 70 WEEKS PROPHECY AND THE EMERGING CHURCH-STATE POWER POLITICS IN THE RUSH FOR GLOBAL HUMANISTIC ECUMENICAL RELIGIOUS UNITY.
Back to Section 7
ADDRESSING THE GAP BETWEEN THE 69 WEEKS
AND THE 70TH WEEK;
THE FIRST AND SECOND COMINGS OF MESSIAH.



LETTERS WITH QUESTIONS:
AND MY RESPONSES.

Dear Gavin,

Thank you for your site. The 360 day solution does make the calculation work. However, I noticed something strange. On your chart, http://endtimepilgrim.org/69weeks.jpg you give April 9th as Psalm Sunday. However, April 9th, 32 was actually a Wednessday. The perpetual calenders I looked at say so. So, I want to ask, does that throw off your whole moon confirmation thing? I mean, as surely as the Bible is inerrent, Palm Sunday had to be a Sunday, right?

Also, you said that the moon loses a second every 36 years. Doesn’t that contradict the original 30 day plan idea?

Thank you,
Raymond

………………………………..

Dear Raymond,

Thanks for your email and interest. I will try to answer your questions as best I can with the facts I have and what I have been able to piece together.

Firstly, you asked regarding April 9th being Palm Sunday since the perpetual calendars give April 9th as being a Wednesday. The information I have received is that we cannot be sure what the weekly cadence was as held by the rabbis in Jerusalem at that time. Perhaps this is not so. Perhaps as part of the Roman Empire the city state of Jerusalem held to the Roman weekly cadence. And then again, perhaps they didn’t. I don’t know.

I can say this. 32 A.D. is the only year that will fit as a terminus for the 69 weeks. With those 173,880 days we need an extra 24 days over and above the 476 years and so we need a late Nisan Passover for our terminus for the 69 weeks. If what you are reporting is correct, and April 9th, Palm Sunday was a Wednesday, and I have received emails from others confirming this, then the Hebrew weekly cadence we see for passion week of 32 A.D. must have been different from the Roman one. The Hebrew weekly cadence would is out of synch with the Roman week by 3 days. Knowing the Jews and the Romans had problems working together this would not be at all surprising. I have received no emails with proof that this was not the case.

It is strange you should mention this because it got me thinking. Sir Robert Anderson gives April 6th as Palm Sunday. I had wondered why he did this since the lunar cycles clearly indicates that the 10th day of the Nisan moon must have been 3 days later on April 9th. But he too must have believed that the Jews held to the perpetual calendar and the Roman week. He must have believed that April 9th was a Wednesday. That is why he squeezed it back to April 6th. It was because according to this reckoning this earlier date would have been the Roman Sunday. He was homing in on a date that satisfied the Roman weekly cadence and putting that ahead of his reckoning of the lunar cycles.

As for why I gave April 9th as Nisan 10 you will have seen in my article above that the astronomical new moon for the month of Nisan in 32 A.D. occurred in Jerusalem at 10:57 p.m. on the night of March 29th. The thin sliver of the new moon is not discernable to the naked eye under the best of conditions until it is at least 24 hours old, see the Islamic website moonsighting.com. Accordingly there is no way the rabbis could have received their confirmed sightings of the new moon on March 30th. It would have to have been the following morning, March 31st at dawn that they would have seen the new moon as the thin crescent rising up in the eastern sky. This would have pegged the new moon and Nisan 1 as March 31st of the year 32. Nisan 10, or Palm Sunday, would therefore have come 9 days later. Thus Palm Sunday, Nisan 10, would have to have been April 9th. It couldn’t be any earlier than that.

As for how the weekly cadence from the Julian calendar is reckoned to be three days earlier than the Hebrew weekly cadence as evidenced by the scriptures and the lunar data I do not know. But since the book of Genesis states that God gave us the sun and moon for times and seasons I will put the dependable cycles of the heavenly bodies ahead of Roman time. It could very well have been that the Jews had there own weekly cadence.

Historical records of times and calendar dates can get fouled up. As late as the Crimean war two armies were supposed to meet at a certain date. But since the Eastern Orthodox calendar disagreed with the Roman Catholic calendar there was a failed rendezvous. So my question is this, and let me be like A&E or Discovery Channel here and inject doubt. They usually inject doubt about God’s Holy Scriptures. But today let’s put the boot on the other foot. Lets insinuate some doubt and questionings about man’s historical records. Just how sure are we that we know for certain just what the weekly cadence was back in Jerusalem as held by the city elders in 32 A.D.? Can we be absolutely sure that the historical records we have can give us a sure fix on the cadence back then in Jerusalem?

As for what the weekly cadence was in relation to Passion week itself and the Hebrew lunar calendar there is no question that resurrection morning the third day after the crucifixion, was a Sunday, the first day of the week by Hebrew reckoning. In Matthew 28:1 the scriptures clearly state that Mary came with spices to the tomb at dawn on the first day of the week, a Sunday. This was three days after the Nisan 14 Passover, two days after the Nisan 15 Feast of Unleavened Bread proper, a high sabbath or holy day, and one day after the regular weekly sabbath, a Saturday. Palm Sunday was Nisan 10 and thus 7 days before Resurrection Sunday which came on Nisan 17. This date, Nisan the 17th is an auspicious day on the Hebrew calendar. On this very same day, the 17th day of the 7th month of the Hebrew civil year the Ark came to rest on Mt. Ararat. This was the day God delivered His people up from the waters of the Abyss and from the jaws of death.

Regarding your second question about the moon slowing down by a second every 36 years and how could this jive with the perfect heavenly prophetic 30 day lunar cycle as relayed to us in scripture well this is an easy question to answer. It doesn’t. The lunar cycle in this fallen earthly realm is a long way from a perfect 30.00000 days. It is 29.530589 days. And the new moon to new moon interval is slowing down and drifting out from the earth in its orbit. So it is slowing and drawing further and further from the perfect number all the time.

Holy time is issued in the mathematical perfection of God. When the time of a certain prophecy is dispensed from the courts of God up in the third heaven it is dispensed in the heavenly currency of a perfect 30 day month and a perfect 360 day year. If the Bible speaks of years and months then we must translate it into earthly terms of days just as we do the exchange of money from one currency to another when we move from one kingdom to another. Certainly God’s Kingdom is different from the kingdom of earth here below. And so is His calendar.

Here is an example. We have this spelled out for us clearly in the case of the later half of the 70th week. In the books of Daniel and the Book of Revelation this time interval is variously given to us as a time, ‘times and half a time’ (or 3.5 years) and also ’42 months’ and ’1260 days’. So when the Bible speaks of a month it means 30 days. We also see this in Genesis when the Bible tells us in no uncertain terms that the ark was on the waters for 150 days and that these 150 days spanned the period between the 17th day of the 2nd month and the 17th day of the 7th month or five months exactly. These five Biblical, holy, perfect, prophetic months were months of 150 divided by 5 = 30 days.

I hope this helps somewhat.

Yours in Christ,

Gavin Finley

http://endtimepilgrim.org


HE DIED ON 2ED PASSOVER!

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

HE DIED ON 2ED PASSOVER!

THE SECOND PASSOVERThe Second Passover is a little known feast of the Old Testament. It was implemented by Moses at the request of certain obedient Israelites who did not want to miss the important celebration of Passover itself. They had been ceremonially unclean at first Passover and inquired as to whether or not they could still partake of the feast. The Biblical story occurs in Numbers 9:1-14 and should be read now. This passage contains important clues concerning who should partake of Second Passover today, namely those who understand that they ARE IN A FAR JOURNEY OR live in the perpetual state of being defiled by a dead body, by a carnal nature.Passover itself is really the preeminent feast of those who seek to overcome. The feast prophesied the sacrifice and crucifixion of Yahweh-savior  whereby His blood redeems Adam kind from the curse of death, allowing the angel of death to “pass over” us so that we can live in Yah’s presence. This is why yah commanded Israel in the days of Moses to place the blood of a lamb on their door posts and lintels. The Passover lambs were effective for the forgiveness of sins and the passing over of the death angel because their blood represented the blood of the Lamb of el, Yahweh Himself.

Yet, there is an important mystery hidden in the Second Passover. That feast relates to prophetic truth beyond our spiritual redemption in Yahweh shua. I can only find one instance other than the one above in Numbers 9 of an observance of Second Passover in all of Scripture. This is the account of Second Passover celebrated by King Hezekiah of Judah in 2 Chronicles 30. I urge you to read that entire chapter now and again when you finish this article because the whole passage deals with Hezekiah’s keeping of the Second Passover and includes many important prophetic truths.

The Biblical account of Hezekiah in 2 Kings, 2 Chronicles, and Isaiah carries an Overcomer, or Sons of yah, theme. The best place to gain an understanding of the Overcomers is in the second and third chapters of Revelation in the letters to the seven churches. Clearly messiah wrote those letters to Christians who were members of those churches. He makes it clear throughout these letters that only a small group of these congregations, a “remnant,” would ever qualify as Overcomers and thus partake of the rule and reign of His coming Kingdom. Many of his parables in the Gospels include this theme. The idea of an Overcomer as a specific type of believer is found throughout Scripture, Old and New Testaments. I cannot dwell more upon this idea here.

We see the Overcomer theme in the story of Hezekiah in quite a few verses. First, Hezekiah was an obedient believer according to 2 Kings 18:3-6. Second, when Sennacherib, king of Assyria, threatens to destroy Hezekiah and all of Judah, Hezekiah seeks Yahweh and He answers through His prophet Isaiah. Isaiah brings a word to Hezekiah prophesying Sennacherib’s destruction. See Isaiah 37:21-38. Part of this prophecy includes the following sign given to Hezekiah:

(Isa 37:30-32 NKJV) {30} “This shall be a sign to you: You shall eat this year such as grows of itself, And the second year what springs from the same; Also in the third year sow and reap, Plant vineyards and eat the fruit of them. {31} And the remnant who have escaped of the house of Judah Shall again take root downward, And bear fruit upward. {32} For out of Jerusalem shall go a remnant, And those who escape from Mount Zion. The zeal of  Yahweh of hosts will do this.”By comparing verse 30 above with Leviticus 25:11, we see that Yahweh here gives Hezekiah a jubilee sign. Israel was to neither sow nor reap each fiftieth year. The key aspect of the jubilee is found in Leviticus 25:13 where yah commands that in the 50th year “each of you shall return to his possession.” In the natural this meant that no man could lose his land, or real estate, forever. Prophetically, it means that mankind’s spiritual possession, his glorified body, will be restored to him on some future jubilee. Also, note the “remnant” theme here in Isaiah 37:31-32.Now it so happened that Hezekiah almost died of an infectious boil just after this mighty deliverance from the hand of Sennacherib. Isaiah tells the king to prepare his house for he is going to die. Hezekiah prays for his life, however, and Yahweh grants him an additional fifteen years. This is interesting for many reasons. One is that it fits in with the sign given above. Up to this time Hezekiah was childless. The line of David would possibly have ended if Hezekiah had died from his boil. The sign above, however, states that in the third year from the time of the prophecy, Hezekiah should sow and reap. Well, he did exactly that. In the third year thereafter his wife, Hephzibah, conceived.

Hephzibah is a prophetic name we also find in Isaiah 62:4 and speaks of the Bride of messiah. At the end of this third year, his son, Manasseh, was born. Manasseh, of course, is the name of Joseph’s son who, according to 1 Chronicles 5:1, received “the birthright,” i.e. the Kingdom. The birth of Manasseh thus speaks of sonship and the inheritance of the birthright. This relates to ruling and reigning with Christ in His Kingdom. Thus we see that the story of Hezekiah prophetically speaks of the “Sons of yah,” the Overcomers. It concerns our time today.

Now remember that it is Hezekiah who partakes of the second Passover and that he is the only person ever mentioned by name as having celebrated this feast. This uniquely relates the second Passover to the Overcomers. Also, since Hezekiah deals with a jubilee theme, this means that the second Passover also prophesies the glorification of the Sons of yahweh, that event that we have come to call “the sons of the most high. melchizedek”

On the other hand, I see that Josiah, who faithfully kept the first Passover in 2 Chronicles 35:1, represents a faithful, but late-blooming hebrew. Notice that he is not even aware of yahs Law until the 18th year of his 31 year ministry as king. When he does find the Law he obeys, but by then yahweh says that it is too late to avert His judgment upon his kingdom. I believe the same thing applies to our day. Most Christians have still not found yahweh’s Law. They misuse yahweh’s grace as a license to sin and call any use of yah’s Law “legalism.” They write books that undermine yah’s Law and  words

. Christians’ repudiation of the words and law of the messiah have led to the current “leavened” state of all the world, leavened by sin and false doctrine. It is too late now to avert yah’s judgment upon this “Mystery Babylon,” mankind’s governments and institutions. The time is late. A few saint’s, like Josiah did, are beginning to obey yahweh’s word. They are finding His Law. But, according to Matthew 25 we know that at some point there is no longer time to buy enough oil to qualify as a wise virgin and enter the wedding feast. I think the 1st passover Josiah kept represents this.

We may already have entered this late time, but only yahweh  knows who qualifies as a wise virgin and who does not. Josiah represents Christians who will not be counted as Overcomers, who will not receive their glorified bodies at the first resurrection.  and will not be allowed to minister yah’s truth in their natural bodies in the Kingdom Age. They will not live, but they will shall die. but to those that have solved the mystery of the second passover is the promise given, Isaiah describes as follows:

(Isa 65:18-25 NKJV) {18} But be glad and rejoice forever in what I create; For behold, I create Jerusalem as a rejoicing, And her people a joy. {19} I will rejoice in Jerusalem, And joy in My people; The voice of weeping shall no longer be heard in her, Nor the voice of crying. {20} “No more shall an infant from there live but a few days, Nor an old man who has not fulfilled his days; For the child shall die one hundred years old, But the sinner being one hundred years old shall be accursed. {21} They shall build houses and inhabit them; They shall plant vineyards and eat their fruit. {22} They shall not build and another inhabit; They shall not plant and another eat; For as the days of a tree, so shall be the days of My people, And My elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands. {23} They shall not labor in vain, Nor bring forth children for trouble; For they shall be the descendants of the blessed of the LORD, And their offspring with them. {24} “It shall come to pass That before they call, I will answer; And while they are still speaking, I will hear. {25} The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, The lion shall eat straw like the ox, And dust shall be the serpent’s food. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain,” Says yahweh.Josiah, like all Christians, partook of the first Passover, not the second. This is the only recorded Passover observed by a king of Israel or Judah. The first Passover, of which all believers partake, is the Passover of spiritual death. this  represents our spiritual rebirth. The death angel passes over us so that we do not die forever. In the natural, in Exodus, the death angel passed over the first born who partook of the Passover. The Egyptians did not partake of this Passover. Therefore, all of their firstborn died.

The second Passover, however, prophesies a different type of “pass over.” It is that represented by yahweh’s parable in Matthew 24:37-51. The interpretation of the one taken and the one left really does not matter here. I have heard various speakers refer to one or the other, the one left or the one taken, as referring to the chosen. The point is that at the second Passover, the ones who are not Overcomers shall be passed over, in a seeming reversal of the first Passover. The Overcomers, or first born of the Sons of God will be chosen to rule and reign with Christ. “Many are called, but few are chosen.” Thus the remnant, the Overcomers, the Sons of God, the first born, will partake of the second Passover in the sense that they will be chosen as such at the time of the prophetic fulfillment of this feast.

There is one other interesting point related to the second Passover. According to Leviticus 23:10-11 the priest was to wave a sheaf of the firstfruits of harvest of barley unto yahweh. This occurred on the “morrow after the Sabbath” during the “feast of unleavened bread” celebrated for seven days after Passover. 2 Chronicles 30 makes it clear that the feast of unleavened bread is also celebrated at Second Passover. Since the Jews measure time in lunar months, it so happens that every few years a month has to be added to the calendar to keep the months aligned with the seasons. They use the degree of maturity of the barley crop to determine when to add a month. If the barley will not be ripe for the Passover of the first month, then a thirteenth month is added to the year.

In essence, this pushes the Passover off to the second month of the new year (although it actually becomes the first month since a thirteenth month was added to the old year). My point is that this practice becomes a type of celebrating the second Passover and the reason for doing so is to ensure that the barley will be ripe for the wave sheaf offering. A careful reading of Scripture shows that barley is often associated with Overcomer themes, thus making barley itself a type of the Overcomer. The prophetic fulfillment of the second Passover, therefore, will occur when the barley is ripe, when the Overcomes will receive their glorified bodies and begin to rule and reign with yahweh.

the new testement is clear that the messiah himself did not die in the frist passover but did in fact die on the second passover. lets see if that is so as we study the word of those that were present at the frist passover as they plotted to kill him in the passover season.

In John’s gospel, chapter 11, we find yahweh-shua’s arrival in Bethany, a small village near Jerusalem, where he came to the sisters Mary and Martha who are grieving the death of their brother Lazarus that took place four days prior.  yahweh-shua had delayed his arrival in Bethany so that His raising of Lazarus from the dead would serve to glorify God and reveal who He was.  The time is now getting critical in yahweh-shua’s ministry.  For three years he has taught yah’s purpose throughout the region of Judea.  Though yahweh-shua’s ministry was centered around Capernaum, yahweh-shua visited Jerusalem during the feasts.  His close proximity with the Jewish leadership engendered conflict on each of these visits as the messiah truth taught a gospel of love and grace that refuted the legalistic and condemning practice of the Jewish leaders.  These leaders saw this self proclamied messiah as an uneducated cult leader who was leading people away from the Jewish law and out from under their authority.  They interpreted his theology as capital blasphemy worthy of death.  Consequently, each time we see an encounter between the messiah and the Jewish leadership we see such conflict, and the leadership retreats and rebuilds their capital case against Him hoping to put him to death.

Chapter 12 of john finds  the messiah still in the home of his friends Lazarus, Mary, and Martha in Bethany.  he is making preparations for his last entrance in to Jerusalem as He will be taking part in another Passover feast.

John 12:1-2.

Then Jesus six days before the Passover came to Bethany, where Lazarus was which had been dead, whom he raised from the dead. 2There they made him a supper; and Martha served: but Lazarus was one of them that sat at the table with him.

The scripture does not record any of the conversations between Jesus and Lazarus’ family in the days following the raising of Lazarus from the dead, but one can only imagine the joy that was felt by Mary and Martha as the grief of their brother’s death and the hopelessness of their future instantly vanished at his resurrection.  As Mary and Martha saw their future restored and were thinking about the things that they would do, Lazarus had the unusual opportunity to do the same.  As each is sharing about their future, Jesus knew clearly what the nature of His future on earth would be:  He would be captured by the religious leadership that sought Him, and he would suffer a tortuous death.  The range of emotions present at this time would be extreme.

John 12:3.

Then took Mary a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus, and wiped his feet with her hair: and the house was filled with the odor of the ointment.

Mary’s gesture of love is curious.  The imported oil that Mary used would have cost about 300 denarii, about a year’s wages for an average workman.  Because of its value and small size, many kept such oils as an investment that could be sold quickly when cash is needed.  As Jesus was reclined at the table, in the manner of first-century custom, His feet would be quite accessible.  Mary wanted to show her love and gratitude to Jesus for His part in the restoration of the life of her brother, so she took her vial of oil, opened it, and anointed Jesus’ feet with it.  Foot washing was a common practice in their culture, as people wore sandals as they traveled in the dusty streets.  The lowest servant would draw the task of washing the feet of guests.  Mary’s gesture goes far beyond even this ritual in its humility and expression of love.  Jesus’ feet would have already have been washed as He entered the home.  Now, Mary uses this every expensive oil to cleanse His feet.  The aroma of the oil would fill the entire room, and all who were present would witness this act of love and humility.

The oil that Mary applied to Jesus’ feet is also used to anoint the body of one who had died as they prepare it for burial.  It is unclear if Mary yet knew that Jesus was about to die, and within the context of her witness of the raising of her brother, it is quite doubtful that the idea entered her mind.  Mary would not have known the significance of her anointing of Jesus in the context of His coming death on the cross of Calvary.  Still, her expression of love was profoundly generous, and would have been noticed by all who were in the house.

John 12:4-6.

Then saith one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son, which should betray him, 5Why was not this ointment sold for three hundred pence, and given to the poor? 6This he said, not that he cared for the poor; but because he was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what was put therein.

Not everyone in the room was appreciative of Mary’s gesture.  Jesus knew Judas’ nature, and his upcoming act of betrayal (John 6:70).  What Judas lacked in an appreciation for human need he gained in his desire for financial success.  His interest in things financial gained him the task of holding and managing the treasury of Jesus and the apostles.  This close proximity to their money was a temptation that Judas was not wanton to overcome:  he helped himself to the contents of the bag at his own pleasure.  This act characterized Judas as a thief.  Judas’ concern for the expenditure of the oil was not related to its application to help the poor.  If the spikenard were to be sold, it would have added a year’s wages to his moneybag, providing him with more funds from which to pilfer.

John 12:7-8.

Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying hath she kept this. 8For the poor always ye have with you; but me ye have not always.

Jesus’ statement clearly delineates the contrast between Mary’s devotion to Jesus and that of Judas.  Jesus’ statement may have even surprised Mary as He stated that what Mary had just done served a specific purpose:  to prepare Him for His upcoming death.  There is little question that with the cross of Calvary looming so near, Jesus’ mind was focused on it.  As Mary anointed Jesus’ feet He would have immediately recognized the appropriateness of her act, and at this first opportunity to speak, Jesus shared this with others.  Jesus’ was not making a disparaging statement about the poor, but rather than pointing out to Judas that if he really wanted to help the poor he could have been doing so at any time before, and will be able to continue doing so for as long as he walks the earth.  Judas’ lack of concern for the poor is clearly exposed.  Jesus then reveals the brevity of His own presence.  Though the poor will always be around, He will not.  Jesus told the people in the room that He would be dying sooner than they.  Little did they understand at this point, that Jesus was speaking of the events that would take place within a week, and little did Judas know that he would survive little longer when the consequences of his greed would devour him.

John 12:9-11.

Much people of the Jews therefore knew that he was there: and they came not for Jesus’ sake only, but that they might see Lazarus also, whom he had raised from the dead. 10But the chief priests consulted that they might put Lazarus also to death;11Because that by reason of him many of the Jews went away, and believed on Jesus.

The crowd that gathered at this time at this home in Bethany had come, not only to see Jesus, but to see Lazarus.  People had heard and witnessed Jesus’ power to heal, and many came to meet and speak to Lazarus.  Even today, if one were to return from the dead as some claim to have done, people will seek to learn through that experience and the survivor will be afforded a lot of attention.  This further inflamed the crisis that was brewing in the Jewish leadership.  They were witnessing more and more people coming to Jesus and his ‘blasphemous” doctrine.  Before Jesus came they were the proud carriers of the faith and were in total control of Jewish religion, culture, and teaching.  they were the center of their religious universe.  Jesus had severely eroded that position of power, and this event in Bethany only served to turn more people away from them.  At the rate that they saw their influence eroding and it was only a matter of time before they felt they would be completely overthrown.  Now they were faced with this man, Lazarus, who was giving a powerful testimony in support of Jesus, and he was bringing as many followers to Jesus this day, as Jesus was attaining Himself!  The religious leaders realized that the only way to quiet Lazarus would be to kill him, so they conspired amongst themselves as to how they would go about it.  One can only imagine the conversation among these religious leaders as they tried to figure out how to kill someone who had already died once before!  Surely, Jesus would just raise him from the dead again.  Certainly, they faced a most unusual dilemma, one for which they would shortly find a solution.

John 12:12-13.

On the next day much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, 13Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.

As Jesus entered Jerusalem for the feast of the Passover, he was accompanied by a large crowd that was made up of two groups.  When we observe the record made by the writers of the other three gospels (Matt 21, Mark 11, Luke 19), we find that one group were those Jews who had made the pilgrimage to Jerusalem to observe the Passover.  Travel was difficult in the first century, so typically, most of the people who came would have originated from the nearby region, including Capernaum where Jesus spent the large part of his three-year ministry.  These would have previously heard of Jesus, and many would respond positively to the knowledge of his presence among them.  The larger group that honored Jesus at the gate, however, was that which came with him from Bethany, the group that had either witnessed the raising of Lazarus, or those who joined shortly thereafter.  Consequently, the praise that was afforded to Jesus did not start at the gates of Jerusalem, but rather at the grave of Lazarus.  One can envision the town of Bethany emptying out to accompany Jesus and Lazarus to the City of Jerusalem.  Nothing like this had ever occurred before, and the leaders of the City were well-aware of this dangerous situation.

Jesus’ previous entrances to Jerusalem were wither quiet or almost secretive because, as we find in previous chapters, Jesus’ time had not yet come.  However, in Bethany Jesus stated that it was now His time, so there was no such need for secrecy.  However, the riotous nature of the crowd’s response at this point adds a new factor to the equation:  the power of the Roman leadership.  Rome was successful in holding many lands far from Rome due to the governmental structure that was in place.  Local communities were allowed to rule themselves under Roman supervision as long as the taxes were paid to Rome and the people were kept under control.   The presence of so many Jews in Jerusalem during the Passover had been considered dangerous without this new controversy.  Because of this, all of the local Roman leadership was in the city during the Passover, and the Roman guards were on alert for any problems.  Therefore, when this crowd entered Jerusalem with a controversial message, the the King of Israel (Psalm 118:25-26), or the “King of the Jews” is entering, the leadership that was responsible to Rome saw their future to be bleak indeed.  The chant made by the people was clearly a call for the Messiah.  They were shouting, “Hosanna”, which means literally, “Save us!”  In order to keep their positions, the Jerusalem leadership, both Jew and Roman, had to keep the peace, and now a crowd was advocating a new King over Herod.  This situation was exceedingly dangerous.

John 12:14-19.

And Jesus, when he had found a young ass, sat thereon; as it is written, 15Fear not, daughter of Zion: behold, thy King cometh, sitting on an ass’s colt. 16These things understood not his disciples at the first: but when Jesus was glorified, then remembered they that these things were written of him, and that they had done these things unto him. 17The people therefore that was with him when he called Lazarus out of his grave, and raised him from the dead, bare record. 18For this cause the people also met him, for that they heard that he had done this miracle. 19The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world is gone after him.

The synoptic gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke provide more details concerning the procurement and use of the donkey upon which Jesus rode into Jerusalem.  First, this form of entry fulfilled the prophesy of  Zechariah 9:9.  A king who would come to power would enter the gates on a horse, a “mighty steed,” and would be surrounded by his army.  Though we can see parallels in this entry, the steed was a simple donkey, and because of its youth, a small one at that.  The donkey was used by the poorest people, and a horse by the richest.  Jesus’ entrance on a donkey is an illustration of his humble roots, and also serves to dissuade any thought that His entrance is one that is militant in nature.  Jesus’ army is not bent on overtaking Jerusalem, it is simply focused on the person of Jesus as their Lord, and their King.  Jesus attained that position with the people, not from military junta, but by winning their hearts with his love and caring nature.  This was not the type of King that was expected by the Jews.  Still, however, this did not lessen the danger that the crowd presented to the religious leaders.  For three years they had observed the growth of Jesus’ following, and their inability to thwart it.  Verse 19 shows how they felt that in spite of all of their desires to stop this movement, and against all of their efforts to take action against it, they had gained nothing.  In their view they can see that the entire community, the “world,” is going to follow Jesus, and their future is about to radically change, and in their opinion, it is certainly not for the better.

Even as all of these events were transpiring, the disciples were so caught up in them that they did not quite realize the significance of them at the time.  Those who were most focused on the details of this event were those who witnessed the raising of Lazarus, and they kept a detailed record of these events.  It would be from this record that the disciples and others would later realize that they had witness the fulfillment of prophesy.  At the time, the disciples lacked the spiritual discernment that they would attain after Pentecost when the record of all of these events would come together in their memory to validate even more the nature, calling, and purpose of Jesus, the Christ, the Messiah.  Through that record, their confidence and faith would be affirmed all the more.

The United States is Still a British Colony

The 144,000

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009

REVELATION 14-1

And I looked, and, lo, a Lamb stood on the mount Sion, and with him an hundred forty and four thousand, having his Father’s name written in their foreheads. 2 And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps: 3 And they sung as it were a new song before the throne, and before the four beasts, and the elders: and no man could learn that song but the hundred and forty and four thousand, which were redeemed from the earth. who were they these that sang a new song look at THE scripture in,

Isa 26- 19 Thy dead men [males}shall live, together with my dead body shall they arise.[in the first resurrection!} Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead. 20 Come, my people, enter thou into thy chambers, and shut thy doors about thee: hide thyself as it were for a little moment, until the indignation be overpast. 21 For, behold, Yahweh cometh out of his place to punish the inhabitants of the earth for their iniquity: the earth also shall disclose her blood, and shall no more cover her slain.

4 These are they which were not defiled with women; for they are virgins. These are they which follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, being the firstfruits unto God and to the Lamb. 5 And in their mouth was found no guile: for they are without fault before the throne of God these. were all beheaded !

see..Revelation 20:4 - And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of yahwehshua, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.

WHO ARE THE 144,000 THAT HAD NOT DEFILED THEMSELVES WITH WOMEN? These were male children.

rev 14-4 These are they which were not defiled with women; for they are virgins. These are they which follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were redeemed from among men, being the firstfruits unto God and to the Lamb. 5 And in their mouth was found no guile: for they are without fault before the throne of God

see..Revelation 20:4 - And I saw thrones, and they sat upon them, and judgment was given unto them: and I saw the souls of them that were beheaded for the witness of yahwehshua, and for the word of God, and which had not worshipped the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark upon their foreheads, or in their hands; and they lived and reigned with Christ a thousand years.

Matt 2- 16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the male children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently enquired of the wise men. 17 Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, 18 In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not.

The 144,000 were all Israelite MALE children who were beheaded and redeemed from the earth in the first resurrection and sealed with the seal of the living God. now we will see the 144 000 chosen in the first resurrection being sealed and raised in the first resurrection.

Rev 7:2-4. 1 And after these things I saw four angels standing on the four corners of the earth, holding the four winds of the earth, that the wind should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree. 2 And I saw another angel ascending from the east, having the seal of the living God: and he cried with a loud voice to the four angels, to whom it was given to hurt the earth and the sea, 3 Saying, Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, till we have sealed the servants of our God in their foreheads.[the seal is the name of the father!

Rev 14-1 And I looked, and, lo, a Lamb stood on the mount Sion, and with him an hundred forty and four thousand, having his Father's name written in their foreheads] 4 And I heard the number of them which were sealed: and there were sealed an hundred and forty and four thousand of all the tribes of the children of Israel. 5 Of the tribe of Juda were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Reuben were sealed twelve thousand.

Of the tribe of Gad were sealed twelve thousand. 6 Of the tribe of Aser were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Nephthalim were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Manasses were sealed twelve thousand. 7 Of the tribe of Simeon were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Levi were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Issachar were sealed twelve thousand. 8 Of the tribe of Zabulon were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Joseph were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of Benjamin were sealed twelve thousand.

IT IS VERY CLEAR IN THE BIBLE that Christ came to the earth as abridegroom to get his bride and return to heaven ! These 144,000 were innocent of all crime, even thoughts.

A man can receive nothing, except it be given him from heaven. 28 Ye yourselves bear me witness, that I said, I am not the Christ, but that I am sent before him. 29 He that hath the bride is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, which standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth greatly because of the bridegroom’s voice: this my joy therefore is fulfilled. 30 He must increase, but I must decrease. 31 He that cometh from above is above all: he that is of the earth is earthly, and speaketh of the earth: he that cometh from heaven is above all.

Jhn 3:29 He that hath the bride is the bridegroom: but the friend of the bridegroom, which standeth and heareth him, rejoiceth greatly because of the bridegroom’s voice: this my joy therefore is fulfilled.

Psa 19:5 Which [is] as a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, [and] rejoiceth as a strong man to run a race.

Isa 62:5 For [as] a young man marrieth a virgin, [so] shall thy sons marry thee: and [as] the bridegroom rejoiceth over the bride, [so] shall thy God rejoice over thee.

Jer 16:9 For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place in your eyes, and in your days, the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride.

Joe 2:16 Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.

Matt 27-51 And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent; 52 And the graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, 53 And came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went into the holy city, and appeared unto many.

Mat 9:15 And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast.

Mat 25:1 Then shall the kingdom of heaven be likened unto ten virgins,[ TEN NORTHERN TRIBES ] which took their lamps, and went forth to meet the bridegroom.

Mat 25:5 While the bridegroom tarried, they all slumbered and slept.

Mat 25:6 And at midnight there was a cry made, Behold, the bridegroom cometh; go ye out to meet him.

Mat 25:10 And while they went to buy, the bridegroom came; and they that were ready went in with him to the marriage: and the door was shut.

luke 12- 35 Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burning; 36 And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their master, when he will return from the wedding; that when he cometh and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately.

37 Blessed are those servants, whom the lord when he cometh shall find watching: verily I say unto you, that he shall gird himself, and make them to sit down to meat, and will come forth and serve them.

Rev 19-7 Let us be glad and rejoice, and give honour to him: for the marriage of the Lamb is come, and his wife hath made herself ready. 8 And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linen, clean and white: for the fine linen is the righteousness of saints. 9 And he saith unto me, Write, Blessed are they which are called unto the marriage supper of the Lamb. And he saith unto me, These are the true sayings of God.

Rev 18:23 And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived.

They will not repent of the sorceries but the wise will! The unrepentant were ” for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries (pharmecia) were all nations deceived.”


FEAR Yah. (Spiritual warfare). Fearing Yah is a message seldom heard in the Laodicean, lukewarmgeneration. Preaching on the fear of Yah has all but ceased. Occasionally, reverencing Yah is heard in place of the fear of Yah. Perhaps, these two scriptures convey the fear of God. It is written, Yah IS GREATLY TO BE FEARED IN THE ASSEMBLY OF THE SAINTS, AND TO BE HAD IN REVERENCE OF ALL THEM THAT ARE ABOUT HIM-Ps 89:7 Yah is greatly to be feared in the assembly of the saints, and to be had in reverence of all them that are about him.

It is also written, BUT I WILL FOREWARN YOU WHOM YE SHALL FEAR: FEAR HIM, WHICH AFTER HE HATH KILLED HATH POWER TO CAST INTO HELL; YEA, I SAY UNTO YOU, FEAR HIM-Lk 12:5. The word “fear” means exactly what it says. In a few scriptures, the words denoting “fear Yah” can be translated as “reverence.” However, at most, it means to “be afraid.” In some, it means to “tremble.” Many people, in this lukewarm church age, want to make Yah appear smaller than He really is; they want to elevate or magnify themselves.

AND GIVE GLORY TO HIM; FOR THE HOUR OF HIS JUDGMENT IS COME. The Tribulation is a time of Yah’s judgments and wrath. The world is also being admonished to glorify and worship Yahweh of heaven. The judgment is at hand. Note, “glorify Him” and “judgment” are connected.

AND WORSHIP HIM THAT MADE HEAVEN (or the heavens), AND EARTH, AND THE SEA, AND THE FOUNTAINS (or springs) OF WATERS-Rev 14:7. In the Laodicean church age, the teaching that Yah is the Creator has been supplanted by Satan’s lie ofevolution.

There are four items that are referred to as being made—heaven, earth, the sea, and the fountains—are also mentioned many times in the Revelation during the Tribulation period. The first four trumpet judgments and other judgments affect three of these as well. The angel is confirming that Yah made these things. The devil did not make them.
One-third of Israel will be refined as silver is refined. They will go through many judgments and trials. However, two-thirds of the house of Jacob will not turn to Yahweh Sadly, they will ultimately be cut off and die.


AND IT SHALL COME TO PASS, THAT IN ALL THE LAND, SAITH Yahweh, TWO PARTS THEREIN SHALL BE CUT OFF AND DIE; BUT THE THIRD SHALL BE LEFT THEREIN. AND I WILL BRING THE THIRD PART THROUGH THE FIRE, AND WILL REFINE THEM AS SILVER IS REFINED, AND WILL TRY THEM AS GOLD IS TRIED: THEY SHALL CALL ON MY NAME, AND I WILL HEAR THEM: I WILL SAY, IT IS MY PEOPLE:

AND THEY SHALL SAY, Yahweh IS MY EL, lst Zech 13:8,9. THEREFORE THUS SAITH YAHWEH ; BECAUSE YE ARE ALL BECOME DROSS (or scum on molten metal – rubbish), BEHOLD, THEREFORE I WILL GATHER YOU INTO THE MIDST OF JERUSALEM-Ezek 22:19. AS THEY GATHER SILVER, AND BRASS, AND IRON, AND LEAD, AND TIN, INTO THE MIDST OF THE FURNACE, TO BLOW THE FIRE UPON IT, TO MELT IT; SO WILL I GATHER YOU IN MINE ANGER AND IN MY FURY, AND I WILL LEAVE YOU THERE (in the midst of Jerusalem) AND MELT YOU-Ezek 22:20.

YEA, I WILL GATHER YOU, AND BLOW UPON YOU IN THE FIRE OF MY WRATH (as silver is refined to make it pure, so the children of Israel will be refined). AND YE SHALL BE MELTED IN THE MIDST THEREOF. AS SILVER IS MELTED IN THE MIDST OF THE FURNACE, SO SHALL YE BE MELTED IN THE MIDST THEREOF; AND YE SHALL KNOW THAT I Yahweh HAVE POURED OUT MY FURY UPON YOU

Ezek 22:21,22.


ESAIAS ALSO CRIETH CONCERNING ISRAEL, THOUGH THE NUMBER OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL BE AS THE SAND OF THE SEA, A REMNANT SHALL BE SAVED Rom. 9:27. AS Yahweh HATH SAID, AND IN THE REMNANT WHOM Yahweh SHALL CALL-Joel 2:32.

The following verses are not concerning the 144,000, as they were taken in the first resurrection, but a generation to come before the 2nd coming, as It is written, BUT BEFORE ALL THESE, THEY SHALL LAY THEIR HANDS ON YOU, AND PERSECUTE YOU, DELIVERING YOU UP TO THE SYNAGOGUES, AND INTO PRISONS, BEING BROUGHT BEFORE kings and evil rulers.

The Bride and the Bridegroom are waiting on the children of the marriage AT the marriage supper many will be hated for his name sake and killed, as was the bride and bribegroom! our father and our mother are in the holy city waiting for the children to come home.

Rev 14:1-AND I LOOKED, AND, LO, A LAMB ( Yahwehshua) STOOD ON THE MOUNT ZION. The following may be noted, a voice from heaven-v.2, harpers-v.2, before the throne-v.3, the four beasts-v.3, the elders-v.3, and the 144,000 which were redeemed from the earth-v.3. Collectively, these indicate that this is a heavenly Mount Zion.

There is also an earthly Mount Zion, the temple site. It is a hill in Jerusalem. It is mentioned in the Bible approximately 156 times. There are times when “Zion” appears to represent Jerusalem, such as in Isa. 1:26,27 and Ps 126:1. The verse continues, AND WITH HIM ( Yahwehshua) AN HUNDRED FORTY AND FOUR THOUSAND (144,000). The 144,000 are now pictured with Yahwehshua on Mount Zion. HAVING HIS FATHER’S NAME WRITTEN ON THEIR FOREHEADS. Note, 144,000 (12,000 from each of the twelve tribes of Israel) are also mentioned in Rev 7:1-8.

The one exception is the tribe of Dan. It was left out. In Rev 7:3, the 144,000 are called THE SERVANTS OF OUR GOD. They are SEALED…IN THEIR FOREHEADS-Rev 14:3. Here, we are told, they have the name of the Father in their foreheads. It appears the 144,000 are pictured before the heavenly Mount Zion.

Mat 22:3 And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.

Mat 22:8 Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.

Mat 22:10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.

Mat 22:11 And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:

Mat 22:12 And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

Luk 12:36 And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord, when he will return from the wedding; that when he cometh and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately.

Luk 14:8 When thou art bidden of any [man] to a wedding, sit not down in the highest room; lest a more honourable man than thou be bidden of him;

What wedding, who, when, where? I hope you see the big picture now how the Scriptures specify how they got there.

They were all beheaded! They were raised and translated into heaven after Yahwehshua was raised from the dead and came out of the graves to appear with the bridegroom on mount Zion in heaven as a bride type. They were all killed, during the 1st part of the Tribulation; being beheaded by Herod all males under 2 years old!

Some consider that Rev- 14 verse one is the earthly Mount Zion after the return of Yahwehshua but this can’t be so ! WHY? Because this is a heavenly scene. as v.3 appears to portray the 144,000 in heaven singing. still those that have a lack of understanding consider that the 144,000 HAVE not died yet, but are upon the earthly Mount Zion singing. Here we see this is not true!


rev.14- 2 And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps: 3 And they sung as it were a new song before the throne, and before the four beasts, and the elders: and no man could learn that song but the hundred and forty and four thousand, which were redeemed from the earth. who were they these that sang a new song ?.

The 144,000 children became the BRIDE, chosen to shed their blood for the lamb in the days that herod sent out his men to slay all the male children two years and down these 144000 became the first fruits of the lambs resurrection.

Again, we may note the harp in heaven. The harpers are identified. as only those that sang the song of Moses again look in the word of Isaiah 26-19 -20 these are the 144,000 saints that were martyred during Herod’s Tribulation. Harps and singing are mentioned again in Rev 15:2.


Rev 14:3-AND THEY (the 144,000) SUNG AS IT WERE A NEW SONG BEFORE THE THRONE. Here they are before the throne of God in heaven. AND BEFORE THE FOUR BEASTS (or living creatures), AND THE ELDERS: AND NO MAN (or no one) COULD LEARN THAT SONG BUT THE HUNDRED AND FORTY AND FOUR THOUSAND, WHICH WERE REDEEMED (or ransomed, or purchased) (or, we might say, were paid for and taken) FROM THE EARTH, It is noted that Yahwehshua had risen to heaven. The 144,000 have fulfilled their mission upon the earth during the first part of the Tribulation. Isa. 26-19 Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead.


Rev 14:4 THESE ARE THEY (or the ones) WHICH WERE NOT DEFILED WITH WOMEN; FOR THEY ARE VIRGINS (or they kept themselves pure). These appear to have never been married and never had been intimate with a woman. Some consider the virginity mentioned here is not of a sexual nature but is referring to spiritual purity. However, the fact that women are mentioned, in connection with this, indicates this means exactly what it says. THESE ARE THEY WHICH FOLLOW THE LAMB (which is Yahwehshua) WHITHERSOEVER HE GOETH. THESE WERE REDEEMED (or ransomed, or purchased) FROM AMONG MEN, BEING (offered as) THE FIRSTFRUITS UNTO Yahweh (or as firstfruits for Yahweh AND TO THE LAMB.

This verse signifies that they were originally the first to be saved after the 1st resurrection and taken into heaven as the bride.

In the 2nd coming resurrection the children will be raised to join the bridegroom and the bride!


Rev 14:5-In an age when cursing and blaspheming Yahweh is commonplace, it is interesting to note in this verse, AND IN THEIR MOUTH WAS FOUND NO GUILE (or lie): FOR THEY ARE WITHOUT FAULT (or defect, or blameless) BEFORE THE THRONE OF GOD.
These 144,000 are alive right now in heaven with Yahwehshua they are his bride waiting for the fruit [her children] at the 2nd coming! hope to see you there!

Pastor Buddy

www.oneyahweh.com

The 144,000 Bridegroom & The Bride. ( by Pastor Buddy)

Born of the Evil seed?

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/12/2009
Born Evil?

People have often ridiculed me for believing that if one is born of the seed of Satan, there is no redemption. “How cruel. Going to hell because of the way you were born!” Well the Church believes that there are millions of people in hell right now because they made a few “bad decisions” in life. Now that sounds cruel to me.

Take Hitler for example. I believe that he was born evil and never had a chance for salvation. He was born to do what he did. The churches teach that he could of come to Christ at anytime. I do not believe that people chose to be evil; I feel that they are born evil along with a natural nature that evokes hatred towards God. I feel that people like Hitler were born evil and were predestined to hell. These are of the seed of Satan.

Predestined to hell? Yes. Did you know that one couldn’t be saved if you are born psychopathic or as well as many other so called disorders? I would say that this is proof that one can be predestined to hell by birth. The DNA of psychopathic is not of God nor can it be created by mutations. There has to be a source. The source of this DNA is of the seed of Satan. People who are psychopathic do not come to the Lord. There is nothing in them that can ever accept or want the Lord. They are doomed to hell from the day they are born. Why is because they are not the seed of God.

“Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is likened unto a man which sowed good seed in his field: But while men slept, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went his way. But when the blade was sprung up, and brought forth fruit, then appeared the tares also. So the servants of the householder came and said unto him, Sir, didst not thou sow good seed in thy field? from whence then hath it tares? He said unto them, An enemy hath done this. The servants said unto him, Wilt thou then that we go and gather them up? But he said, Nay; lest while ye gather up the tares, ye root up also the wheat with them. Let both grow together until the harvest: and in the time of harvest I will say to the reapers, Gather ye together first the tares, and bind them in bundles to burn them: but gather the wheat into my barn.Matt 13:24-30 (KJV) There is no indication here that there were bad seeds that started out as wheat, then after making some bad choices, magically turn into tares (weeds).

“And whereas thou sawest iron mixed with miry clay, they shall mingle themselves with the seed of men: but they shall not cleave one to another, just as iron is not mixed with clay.” Dan 2:43

“And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed. Children of Satan only are born wanting only what their father wants, and that is a hatred for God.” In scripture the seed of Satan is referred to as Tares, beasts, and evil beasts.

“The Lord knoweth how to deliver the godly out of temptations, and to reserve the unjust unto the day of judgment to be punished: But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous are they, selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities. Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord. But these, as natural brute beasts, made to be taken and destroyed, speak evil of the things that they understand not; and shall utterly perish in their own corruption.” 2 Pet 2:9-12(KJV)

Notice here that these bad seeds of Satan are natural brute beasts. This means that they are by nature beasts, and not part of God. Also note that they are “made to be taken and destroyed.” In very clear terms scripture states that they are born evil and are predestined to hell. There is no salvation for these people.

Christ died for all mankind. He did not die for the fallen angels, nor did He die for the beasts that walk among us and “mingle with the seed of men” until their Messiah comes who the Bible calls the Beast. He will be the son of Satan come to lead his people against God.

My heart goes out to these beasts because they are people we know and love, but these bad seeds can never accept the Lord nor desire him. Why is because by nature they are beasts (animals). I once red in the news how some people that had raised a tiger from birth and was on stage showing him off at a fair. They told of how much love the tiger had and how gentle he was. He grew up with the children of the house and never hurt them once. Suddenly as they spoke a child ran past the side of the stage and the tiger leaped into action mauling and injuring a little girl. See. No matter how much they loved the tiger and raised him right, he was still by nature a beast.

As I say, there are people that are born with many mental disorders that do not allow them to feel remorse, conviction, and have a total lack of conscience, so in turn they can never come to the Lord. I believe these are more traits of the seed of Satan i.e. beasts.

John 3:16 only applies to God’s children the descendants of Adam. God did not create or die for the seed of Satan. By nature, the children of God will at some point in life seek after God no matter how rebellious they lived in the past, example being the Prodigal son. They are predestined from birth to be heirs with Christ, and by nature will come to God for forgiveness when He calls them by the power of the Holy Spirit.

The children of Satan are much deferent. By nature they are beasts that desire the lusts of their father. They are incapable of coming to the Lord and are predestined to hell. Some are so wicked that when you speak to them, you can actually feel the evil in the air and see it in their eyes!

As for us believers… Let us praise and worship the only true Father! “My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me: And I give unto them eternal life; and they shall never perish, neither shall any man pluck them out of my hand. My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father’s hand.” John 10:27-29 (KJV)

The Sabbath they are keeping today is wrong

Created by pastorbuddy on 3/13/2009

Where did Babylon get the concept of a Sabbath day???? And where did they get the knowledge to find the Sabbath by counting from the new moon??? i.e. Babylon kept a Sabbath day and they found it by counting from the new moon. Where did they get the concept of a Sabbath in the first place and why did they count it from the new moon???
We know that the early descendants of Adam knew the creation story and how the Sabbath was reckoned. It only took 3 people for the information to be passed on from Adam to the flood. Adam lived 930 years and was living at the same time as Methuselah who live at the time of Noah and Methuselah died the same year of the flood and the creation story and the concept of Sabbaths was passed on from Methuselah to Noah and then by Noah’s three sons were all the Isles of the Gentiles divided, who carried the creations story and the concept of a seventh day Sabbath and how it was determined by the great lights of Genesis 1:14, into all the world. There is no historical record of any other Sabbath other than by the great lights of Genesis 1:14 until after Daniel’s prophecy of the little horn changing times and laws. This is a major embarrassment to Saturday Sabbath keepers.

We pointed out that the “great lights” are for seasons and that the Hebrew word “seasons” in Genesis 1:14 and Psalms 104:19 is the same word for “feast” in Leviticus 23:2 where it describes the first feast of Leviticus 23 as the weekly “feast.”

We argue that there’s no scripture that teaches that the seventh day feast is not included with the other feast throughout the year which are by the great lights.

Some people say the word seasons/appointments in Genesis 1:14 only refers to the annual feasts/worship days and not the weekly feast worship day even though the Scripture does not say this.

This article is very damaging to the traditional Saturday Sabbath because when we trace the creation Sabbath and how it was kept to Babylon and other parts of the land, we see that the seventh day Sabbaths were by the phases of the moon and the descendents of Adam in Babylon is a prime example.

The historical evidence is overwhelming and conclusively show’s that the seventh day feasts/seasons is included in Genesis1:14, where it says the “great lights” are for seasons/feast, including the seventh day feast.

As we go along we will see how the early descendents of Adam, who multiplied and filled the earth, understood that the weekly feast/season was not excluded in Genesis 1:14 as some try to say in order to protect their tradition.
Abraham of the “Chaldeans” was taught by Noah’s and his son Shem. What I am trying to show is if Abraham of the Chaldeans was living at the same time as Noah and Shem, then there are not that many people between creation and Babylon and the creation story of the Sabbath and how it was kept. The “ONLY” reason anyone would even suggest that these descendents of Adam who were living in Babylon, was keeping a different Sabbath than their father Adam is if the Sabbath they are keeping today does not line up with the Sabbath that was kept in Babylon which we know from historical evidence that it was by the phases of the moon. People today are keeping the Sabbath that Daniel prophesied of that came after the change of times and laws. i.e. the Sabbath and calendar of the little horn in the last days is wrong.

Babylon was a metropolitan city that Abraham and many of the descendents of Adam lived or visited and therefore it would be a “far stretch” to think that Babylon did not get the concept of a seventh day Sabbath and how it was observed from the creation story that was handed down from Adam to his descendents that settled in Babylon. There is “no historical evidence” of a Sabbath that is kept like the traditional Sabbath of today, yet people pretend they must have been, because of their tradition.

I am demonstrating how that Babylon could have had the concept of the Sabbath and how it was kept, when the descendents of Adam settled there in Babylon. We know the historical evidence proves that Babylon was keeping lunar Sabbaths by thephases of the moon which is in harmony with Genesis 1:14 which says let THEM (more than one) be for days and years, signs and seasons, which does “not exclude” the weekly appointments/season as some suggest, without any scriptural authority. i.e. the Babylon’s Sabbath is in line with Genesis 1:14 without any exclusion or exception clause that is added by the traditional Sabbath keepers.

The bottom line is that the historical evidence does not support the accusation that the weekly Sabbath/season is not counted by the great lights as the other yearly worship appointments. As a matter of fact the historical evidence of the lunar Sabbaths calendars found in Babylon support the Scripture of Genesis 1:14 where it says, “let them be for seasons/appointments” (the weekly appointment/season not excluded as some suggest).
Daniel later prophesies, while in Babylon, that the little horn would think to change times and laws and Julius Cesar booted the moon out of the time keeping calendar in 46 B.C which is a fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy and the moon was one of the THEM’s that is found in Genesis 1:14.
Wherever the little horn is today, she recognizes the modern-day sabbaths and the calendar that was changed from the one Daniel kept in Babylon.

If someone says Daniel kept Saturday Sabbath when he prophesied of the change by the little horn, then the change should have went from Saturday sabbaths to lunar Sabbaths but if Daniel was keeping lunar Sabbath and prophesied of a change, then it should have went from lunar Sabbaths to the Sabbath they are keeping today.

When Daniel prophesied of the future, how that the little horn would think to change times and laws, it ALSO tells us that in this time that Daniel is speaking, times and laws had not been changed yet. i.e. the calendar Daniel and Adam’s descendents was keeping in Babylon was the creation calendar because the Sabbath had not been changed yet and all the historical evidence show that it was a solar lunar calendar.

Brother Arnold